King James Version

What Does Deuteronomy 19:8 Mean?

Deuteronomy 19:8 in the King James Version says “And if the LORD thy God enlarge thy coast, as he hath sworn unto thy fathers, and give thee all the land which he promis... — study this verse from Deuteronomy chapter 19 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And if the LORD thy God enlarge thy coast, as he hath sworn unto thy fathers, and give thee all the land which he promised to give unto thy fathers;

Deuteronomy 19:8 · KJV


Context

6

Lest the avenger of the blood pursue the slayer , while his heart is hot, and overtake him, because the way is long, and slay him; whereas he was not worthy of death, inasmuch as he hated him not in time past. slay: Heb. smite him in life in: Heb. from yesterday the third day

7

Wherefore I command thee, saying, Thou shalt separate three cities for thee.

8

And if the LORD thy God enlarge thy coast, as he hath sworn unto thy fathers, and give thee all the land which he promised to give unto thy fathers;

9

If thou shalt keep all these commandments to do them, which I command thee this day, to love the LORD thy God, and to walk ever in his ways; then shalt thou add three cities more for thee, beside these three:

10

That innocent blood be not shed in thy land, which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance, and so blood be upon thee.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And if the LORD thy God enlarge thy coast, as he hath sworn unto thy fathers (וְאִם־יַרְחִיב יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ אֶת־גְּבוּלְךָ כַּאֲשֶׁר נִשְׁבַּע לַאֲבֹתֶיךָ, ve'im-yarchiv YHWH Elohecha et-gevulcha ka'asher nishba la'avotecha)—rachav (enlarge) envisions territorial expansion beyond initial conquest. This refers to the full Abrahamic promise: 'from the river of Egypt unto the great river, the river Euphrates' (Genesis 15:18).

And give thee all the land which he promised to give unto thy fathers—God's covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob guaranteed territorial inheritance contingent on obedience. The land promise was never fully realized until Solomon's reign (1 Kings 4:21), and even then, not permanently possessed. Verse 9 makes the expansion conditional: 'If thou shalt keep all these commandments to do them.' Israel's failure to fully obey meant the promise remained partially unfulfilled, pointing forward to the eternal inheritance believers receive in Christ.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The expanded borders described here were largely achieved under David and Solomon (circa 1000-930 BCE), when Israel controlled territory from Egypt's border to the Euphrates River. However, this was brief—the kingdom divided after Solomon, and neither northern nor southern kingdoms ever regained such extent. The conditional nature of land possession runs throughout Deuteronomy: obedience brings blessing and expansion; disobedience brings exile. The Babylonian exile (586 BCE) proved this principle tragically true.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do God's conditional promises reveal the connection between obedience and blessing?
  2. In what ways do Old Testament land promises find their ultimate fulfillment in the new creation and eternal inheritance believers receive in Christ?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 18 words
וְאִם1 of 18
H518

used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not

יַרְחִ֞יב2 of 18

enlarge

H7337

to broaden (intransitive or transitive, literal or figurative)

יְהוָ֤ה3 of 18

And if the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙4 of 18

thy God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

אֶת5 of 18
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

גְּבֻ֣לְךָ֔6 of 18

thy coast

H1366

properly, a cord (as twisted), i.e., (by implication) a boundary; by extension the territory inclosed

כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֥ר7 of 18
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

נִשְׁבַּ֖ע8 of 18

as he hath sworn

H7650

to seven oneself, i.e., swear (as if by repeating a declaration seven times)

לַֽאֲבֹתֶֽיךָ׃9 of 18

unto thy fathers

H1

father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application

לָתֵ֥ת10 of 18

and give

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

לְךָ֙11 of 18
H0
אֶת12 of 18
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

כָּל13 of 18
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

הָאָ֔רֶץ14 of 18

thee all the land

H776

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

אֲשֶׁ֥ר15 of 18
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

דִּבֶּ֖ר16 of 18

which he promised

H1696

perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue

לָתֵ֥ת17 of 18

and give

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

לַֽאֲבֹתֶֽיךָ׃18 of 18

unto thy fathers

H1

father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Deuteronomy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Deuteronomy 19:8 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Deuteronomy 19:8 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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