King James Version

What Does Deuteronomy 17:7 Mean?

Deuteronomy 17:7 in the King James Version says “The hands of the witnesses shall be first upon him to put him to death, and afterward the hands of all the people. So th... — study this verse from Deuteronomy chapter 17 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

The hands of the witnesses shall be first upon him to put him to death, and afterward the hands of all the people. So thou shalt put the evil away from among you.

Deuteronomy 17:7 · KJV


Context

5

Then shalt thou bring forth that man or that woman, which have committed that wicked thing, unto thy gates, even that man or that woman, and shalt stone them with stones, till they die.

6

At the mouth of two witnesses, or three witnesses, shall he that is worthy of death be put to death; but at the mouth of one witness he shall not be put to death.

7

The hands of the witnesses shall be first upon him to put him to death, and afterward the hands of all the people. So thou shalt put the evil away from among you.

8

If there arise a matter too hard for thee in judgment, between blood and blood, between plea and plea, and between stroke and stroke, being matters of controversy within thy gates: then shalt thou arise, and get thee up into the place which the LORD thy God shall choose;

9

And thou shalt come unto the priests the Levites, and unto the judge that shall be in those days, and enquire; and they shall shew thee the sentence of judgment:


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The hands of the witnesses shall be first upon him—witnesses who testified must initiate execution, ensuring they stake their own integrity on their testimony. False witnesses thus risked exposure (Deuteronomy 19:16-19 prescribes reciprocal punishment). This deters perjury and frivolous accusations.

Afterward the hands of all the people—communal participation maintains covenant solidarity. The entire community, not professional executioners, bears responsibility. Put the evil away from among you (בִּעַרְתָּ הָרָע, bi'arta hara)—'burn out' or 'purge' the evil—like removing diseased tissue. This phrase appears repeatedly in Deuteronomy (13:5, 17:12, 19:19, 21:21, 22:21-24) for capital offenses threatening covenant purity. New Testament equivalent: church discipline removes unrepentant sin (1 Corinthians 5:1-13).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Requiring witnesses to execute first prevented casual accusations—if you testified, you had to be willing to personally kill the accused, ensuring serious commitment to truth. Achan's execution (Joshua 7:25) and Naboth's false execution (1 Kings 21:13) illustrate this law in practice. Later Judaism developed such stringent evidentiary standards that capital punishment became rare.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does requiring witnesses to participate in consequences affect the integrity of testimony today?
  2. What does 'purging evil from among you' look like in the church age without physical execution?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
וְיַ֥ד1 of 13

The hands

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

הָֽעֵדִ֞ים2 of 13

of the witnesses

H5707

concretely, a witness; abstractly, testimony; specifically, a recorder, i.e., prince

תִּֽהְיֶה3 of 13
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

בּ֤וֹ4 of 13
H0
בָרִֽאשֹׁנָה֙5 of 13

shall be first

H7223

first, in place, time or rank (as adjective or noun)

לַֽהֲמִית֔וֹ6 of 13

upon him to put him to death

H4191

to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill

וְיַ֥ד7 of 13

The hands

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

כָּל8 of 13
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

הָעָ֖ם9 of 13

of all the people

H5971

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

בָּאַֽחֲרֹנָ֑ה10 of 13

and afterward

H314

hinder; generally, late or last; specifically (as facing the east) western

וּבִֽעַרְתָּ֥11 of 13

So thou shalt put

H1197

to be(-come) brutish

הָרָ֖ע12 of 13

the evil

H7451

bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)

מִקִּרְבֶּֽךָ׃13 of 13

from among

H7130

properly, the nearest part, i.e., the center, whether literal, figurative or adverbial (especially with preposition)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Deuteronomy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Deuteronomy 17:7 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Deuteronomy 17:7 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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