King James Version

What Does Colossians 3:19 Mean?

Colossians 3:19 in the King James Version says “Husbands, love your wives, and be not bitter against them. — study this verse from Colossians chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Husbands, love your wives, and be not bitter against them.

Colossians 3:19 · KJV


Context

17

And whatsoever ye do in word or deed, do all in the name of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks to God and the Father by him.

18

Wives, submit yourselves unto your own husbands, as it is fit in the Lord.

19

Husbands, love your wives, and be not bitter against them.

20

Children, obey your parents in all things: for this is well pleasing unto the Lord.

21

Fathers, provoke not your children to anger, lest they be discouraged.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Husbands, love your wives, and be not bitter against them. Paul balances wives' submission with husbands' responsibility. "Love your wives" (hoi andres, agapate tas gynaikas, οἱ ἄνδρες, ἀγαπᾶτε τὰς γυναῖκας) commands ongoing agapē love—self-giving commitment, not merely emotional affection. Present imperative indicates continuous action: keep loving. Ephesians 5:25 intensifies: "as Christ loved the church and gave himself for it"—sacrificial love unto death.

"Be not bitter against them" (mē pikrainesthe pros autas, μὴ πικραίνεσθε πρὸς αὐτάς) prohibits harshness, resentment, or sharp treatment. Present imperative with negative: stop being harsh. Ancient patriarchy often featured domineering cruelty; Paul counters with tender sacrificial love. Husbands bear greater responsibility—wives submit voluntarily, husbands must love sacrificially, creating mutual service relationship, not master-slave hierarchy.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Greco-Roman husbands had nearly absolute authority, including life-and-death power over wives and children. Domestic violence was common; wives were often viewed as property for producing heirs and managing household. Paul's command to love sacrificially and avoid bitterness was countercultural, elevating wives to partners deserving tender respect. Early Christianity's treatment of women attracted many female converts and sometimes male opposition threatened by loss of traditional dominance.

Reflection Questions

  1. How specifically do you love your wife (or future wife) sacrificially, prioritizing her good over your comfort?
  2. What produces bitterness in marriage, and how do you combat it with intentional love and grace?
  3. How does Christ's love for the church model and motivate your love for your spouse?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 10 words
Οἱ1 of 10
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἄνδρες2 of 10

Husbands

G435

a man (properly as an individual male)

ἀγαπᾶτε3 of 10

love

G25

to love (in a social or moral sense)

τὰς4 of 10
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

γυναῖκας5 of 10

your wives

G1135

a woman; specially, a wife

καὶ6 of 10

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

μὴ7 of 10

not

G3361

(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether

πικραίνεσθε8 of 10

be

G4087

to embitter (literally or figuratively)

πρὸς9 of 10

against

G4314

a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,

αὐτάς10 of 10

them

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Colossians. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Colossians 3:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Colossians 3:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study