King James Version

What Does Acts 22:28 Mean?

Acts 22:28 in the King James Version says “And the chief captain answered, With a great sum obtained I this freedom. And Paul said, But I was free born. — study this verse from Acts chapter 22 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And the chief captain answered, With a great sum obtained I this freedom. And Paul said, But I was free born.

Acts 22:28 · KJV


Context

26

When the centurion heard that, he went and told the chief captain, saying, Take heed what thou doest : for this man is a Roman.

27

Then the chief captain came, and said unto him, Tell me, art thou a Roman? He said, Yea.

28

And the chief captain answered, With a great sum obtained I this freedom. And Paul said, But I was free born.

29

Then straightway they departed from him which should have examined him: and the chief captain also was afraid, after he knew that he was a Roman, and because he had bound him. examined him: or, tortured him

30

On the morrow, because he would have known the certainty wherefore he was accused of the Jews, he loosed him from his bands, and commanded the chief priests and all their council to appear, and brought Paul down, and set him before them.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And the chief captain answered, With a great sum obtained I this freedom—The tribune reveals he purchased citizenship (πολλοῦ κεφαλαίου, pollou kephalaiou, 'with much capital') during the reign of Claudius, when citizenship was notoriously for sale through bribes. He likely bought it through freedman Marcus Antonius Felix's corrupt connections. The tribune's use of τὴν πολιτείαν ταύτην (tēn politeian tautēn, 'this citizenship') shows both pride in the acquisition and surprise at Paul's claim.

And Paul said, But I was free born—Paul's ἐγὼ δὲ καὶ γεγέννημαι (egō de kai gegennēmai, 'But I also have been born [a citizen]') asserts higher status. Citizenship by birth (Latin: ingenuus) was more prestigious than purchased citizenship. Paul's Tarsian family had held citizenship for generations, possibly granted for service to Rome. This revelation elevates Paul's social standing in the tribune's eyes—he's not just any prisoner but a citizen of superior rank.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Under Claudius (AD 41-54), Roman citizenship expanded through dubious means. The emperor's corrupt freedmen sold citizenship for profit, debasing its value. The tribune Claudius Lysias likely bought his citizenship and took 'Claudius' as part of his name (Roman practice when granted citizenship). In contrast, hereditary citizenship was rare and prestigious in the provinces. Tarsus was a 'free city' where select families held both local and Roman citizenship. Paul's family may have earned it through loyal service or manufacturing military tents for Roman legions.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Paul's superior citizenship status illustrate spiritual truth—believers are 'free born' children of God, not purchased slaves?
  2. What does this passage teach about using social status, when available, for kingdom purposes without deriving identity from it?
  3. In what ways might God providentially arrange circumstances of birth, education, or social position to advance His gospel purposes?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 19 words
ἀπεκρίθη1 of 19

answered

G611

to conclude for oneself, i.e., (by implication) to respond; by hebraism (compare h6030) to begin to speak (where an address is expected)

τε2 of 19

And

G5037

both or also (properly, as correlation of g2532)

3 of 19
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

χιλίαρχος4 of 19

the chief captain

G5506

the commander of a thousand soldiers ("chiliarch"; i.e., colonel

Ἐγὼ5 of 19

I

G1473

i, me

πολλοῦ6 of 19

With a great

G4183

(singular) much (in any respect) or (plural) many; neuter (singular) as adverbial, largely; neuter (plural) as adverb or noun often, mostly, largely

κεφαλαίου7 of 19

sum

G2774

a principal thing, i.e., main point; specially, an amount (of money)

τὴν8 of 19
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πολιτείαν9 of 19

freedom

G4174

citizenship; concretely, a community

ταύτην10 of 19
G3778

the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)

ἐκτησάμην11 of 19

obtained

G2932

to get, i.e., acquire (by any means; own)

12 of 19
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δὲ13 of 19

And

G1161

but, and, etc

Παῦλος14 of 19

Paul

G3972

(little; but remotely from a derivative of g3973, meaning the same); paulus, the name of a roman and of an apostle

ἔφη15 of 19

said

G5346

to show or make known one's thoughts, i.e., speak or say

Ἐγὼ16 of 19

I

G1473

i, me

δὲ17 of 19

And

G1161

but, and, etc

καὶ18 of 19
G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

γεγέννημαι19 of 19

was free born

G1080

to procreate (properly, of the father, but by extension of the mother); figuratively, to regenerate


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Acts. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Acts 22:28 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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