King James Version

What Does 2 Samuel 19:21 Mean?

2 Samuel 19:21 in the King James Version says “But Abishai the son of Zeruiah answered and said, Shall not Shimei be put to death for this, because he cursed the LORD'... — study this verse from 2 Samuel chapter 19 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

But Abishai the son of Zeruiah answered and said, Shall not Shimei be put to death for this, because he cursed the LORD'S anointed?

2 Samuel 19:21 · King James Version


Context

19

And said unto the king, Let not my lord impute iniquity unto me, neither do thou remember that which thy servant did perversely the day that my lord the king went out of Jerusalem, that the king should take it to his heart.

20

For thy servant doth know that I have sinned: therefore, behold, I am come the first this day of all the house of Joseph to go down to meet my lord the king.

21

But Abishai the son of Zeruiah answered and said, Shall not Shimei be put to death for this, because he cursed the LORD'S anointed?

22

And David said, What have I to do with you, ye sons of Zeruiah, that ye should this day be adversaries unto me? shall there any man be put to death this day in Israel? for do not I know that I am this day king over Israel?

23

Therefore the king said unto Shimei, Thou shalt not die. And the king sware unto him.


Commentaries2 scholars

KJV Study CommentaryPublic Domain
But Abishai the son of Zeruiah answered and said, Shall not Shimei be put to death for this, because he cursed the LORD'S anointed?

This verse contributes to the narrative of David's Return, emphasizing restoration, leadership wisdom. David's return to Jerusalem requires political wisdom as he navigates competing factions. His restoration of enemies (Shimei) and reward of supporters demonstrates leadership discernment. Theological themes include wise leadership during restoration, the complexity of post-crisis reconciliation, balancing justice and mercy, and the necessity of moving forward despite ongoing tensions.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 19 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding restoration, leadership wisdom provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this passage deepen your understanding of restoration, leadership wisdom?
  2. What does this verse reveal about God's character, and how should that shape your worship and obedience?
  3. In what specific ways can you apply this truth to your current circumstances and relationships this week?

Compare 2 commentaries from different scholars and time periods for a richer understanding.


Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 15 words
וַיַּ֨עַן1 of 15

answered

H6030

properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e., pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extension to begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout,

אֲבִישַׁ֤י2 of 15

But Abishai

H52

abishai, an israelite

בֶּן3 of 15

the son

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

צְרוּיָה֙4 of 15

of Zeruiah

H6870

tserujah, an israelitess

וַיֹּ֔אמֶר5 of 15

and said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

הֲתַ֣חַת6 of 15
H8478

the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc

זֹ֔את7 of 15
H2063

this (often used adverb)

לֹ֥א8 of 15
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יוּמַ֖ת9 of 15

be put to death

H4191

to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill

שִׁמְעִ֑י10 of 15

Shall not Shimei

H8096

shimi, the name of twenty israelites

כִּ֥י11 of 15
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

קִלֵּ֖ל12 of 15

for this because he cursed

H7043

to be (causatively, make) light, literally (swift, small, sharp, etc.) or figuratively (easy, trifling, vile, etc.)

אֶת13 of 15
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

מְשִׁ֥יחַ14 of 15

anointed

H4899

anointed; usually a consecrated person (as a king, priest, or saint); specifically, the messiah

יְהוָֽה׃15 of 15

the LORD'S

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 2 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

2 Samuel 19:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 2 Samuel 19:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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