King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 26:9 Mean?

1 Samuel 26:9 in the King James Version says “And David said to Abishai, Destroy him not: for who can stretch forth his hand against the LORD'S anointed, and be guilt... — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 26 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And David said to Abishai, Destroy him not: for who can stretch forth his hand against the LORD'S anointed, and be guiltless?

1 Samuel 26:9 · KJV


Context

7

So David and Abishai came to the people by night: and, behold, Saul lay sleeping within the trench, and his spear stuck in the ground at his bolster: but Abner and the people lay round about him.

8

Then said Abishai to David, God hath delivered thine enemy into thine hand this day: now therefore let me smite him, I pray thee, with the spear even to the earth at once , and I will not smite him the second time. delivered: Heb. shut up

9

And David said to Abishai, Destroy him not: for who can stretch forth his hand against the LORD'S anointed, and be guiltless?

10

David said furthermore, As the LORD liveth, the LORD shall smite him; or his day shall come to die; or he shall descend into battle, and perish.

11

The LORD forbid that I should stretch forth mine hand against the LORD'S anointed: but, I pray thee, take thou now the spear that is at his bolster, and the cruse of water, and let us go.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
David's restraint crystallizes one of Scripture's most important principles regarding authority: the anointed of the LORD must not be destroyed by human hands. The Hebrew 'mashiach YHWH' (the LORD's anointed) establishes a category of sacred protection that transcends personal grievance. David's rhetorical question 'who can stretch forth his hand against the LORD's anointed, and be guiltless?' establishes a precedent that extends beyond this moment to any who would usurp divine prerogatives in removing those God has placed in authority.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Anointing with oil was the ritual that formally inducted Israelite kings into office, marking them as God's chosen representatives. This sacred act created an inviolable status that only God Himself could revoke. David's respect for this office, despite Saul's unworthiness, models submission to divine ordering of society.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do you maintain respect for God-ordained positions even when the people in them fail?
  2. What does David's restraint teach about the limits of human judgment in removing those in authority?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
וַיֹּ֧אמֶר1 of 13

said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

דָּוִ֛ד2 of 13

And David

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

אֶל3 of 13
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

אֲבִישַׁ֖י4 of 13

to Abishai

H52

abishai, an israelite

אַל5 of 13
H408

not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing

תַּשְׁחִיתֵ֑הוּ6 of 13

Destroy

H7843

to decay, i.e., (causatively) ruin (literally or figuratively)

כִּ֠י7 of 13
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

מִ֣י8 of 13
H4310

who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix

שָׁלַ֥ח9 of 13

him not for who can stretch forth

H7971

to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)

יָד֛וֹ10 of 13

his hand

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

בִּמְשִׁ֥יחַ11 of 13

anointed

H4899

anointed; usually a consecrated person (as a king, priest, or saint); specifically, the messiah

יְהוָ֖ה12 of 13

against the LORD'S

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

וְנִקָּֽה׃13 of 13

and be guiltless

H5352

to be (or make) clean (literally or figuratively); by implication (in an adverse sense) to be bare, i.e., extirpated


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 26:9 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 26:9 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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