King James Version

What Does 2 Kings 17:16 Mean?

2 Kings 17:16 in the King James Version says “And they left all the commandments of the LORD their God, and made them molten images, even two calves, and made a grove... — study this verse from 2 Kings chapter 17 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And they left all the commandments of the LORD their God, and made them molten images, even two calves, and made a grove, and worshipped all the host of heaven, and served Baal.

2 Kings 17:16 · KJV


Context

14

Notwithstanding they would not hear, but hardened their necks, like to the neck of their fathers, that did not believe in the LORD their God.

15

And they rejected his statutes, and his covenant that he made with their fathers, and his testimonies which he testified against them; and they followed vanity, and became vain, and went after the heathen that were round about them, concerning whom the LORD had charged them, that they should not do like them.

16

And they left all the commandments of the LORD their God, and made them molten images, even two calves, and made a grove, and worshipped all the host of heaven, and served Baal.

17

And they caused their sons and their daughters to pass through the fire, and used divination and enchantments, and sold themselves to do evil in the sight of the LORD, to provoke him to anger.

18

Therefore the LORD was very angry with Israel, and removed them out of his sight: there was none left but the tribe of Judah only.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And they left all the commandments of the LORD their God, and made them molten images, even two calves, and made a grove, and worshipped all the host of heaven, and served Baal.

This verse contributes to the overall theme of chapter 17: Covenant judgment and exile. The divine name emphasizes Yahweh's covenant relationship with Israel and His sovereign control over historical events. This passage occurs during the decline toward Israel's exile, demonstrating how persistent covenant unfaithfulness leads to national disaster.

The narrative demonstrates God's justice in judging covenant unfaithfulness while maintaining His ultimate purposes for redemption.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Historical Setting: 2 Kings 17 takes place during the declining years of the northern kingdom, 8th century BCE, culminating in exile in 722 BCE. The chapter's theme (Fall of the Northern Kingdom) reflects the historical reality of the fulfillment of prophetic warnings as the northern kingdom fell to Assyria due to persistent covenant unfaithfulness. Archaeological evidence from this period includes royal inscriptions, administrative documents, and material culture that corroborate the biblical account while providing additional context for understanding the political and social dynamics at work.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this verse contribute to understanding the theological message of 2 Kings 17 regarding covenant judgment and exile?
  2. What does this passage reveal about God's character, particularly His justice, mercy, and faithfulness to covenant promises?
  3. In what practical ways should this text shape contemporary Christian thinking about faithfulness, worship, and obedience to God?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 20 words
וַיַּֽעַזְב֗וּ1 of 20

And they left

H5800

to loosen, i.e., relinquish, permit, etc

אֶת2 of 20
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

כָּל3 of 20
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

מִצְוֹת֙4 of 20

all the commandments

H4687

a command, whether human or divine (collectively, the law)

יְהוָ֣ה5 of 20

of the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֱלֹֽהֵיהֶ֔ם6 of 20

their God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

וַיַּֽעֲשׂ֣וּ7 of 20

and made

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

לָהֶ֛ם8 of 20
H0
מַסֵּכָ֖ה9 of 20

them molten images

H4541

properly, a pouring over, i.e., fusion of metal (especially a cast image); by implication, a libation, i.e., league; concretely a coverlet (as if pour

שְׁנֵ֣ים10 of 20

even two

H8147

two; also (as ordinal) twofold

עֲגָלִ֑ים11 of 20

calves

H5695

a (male) calf (as frisking round), especially one nearly grown (i.e., a steer)

וַיַּֽעֲשׂ֣וּ12 of 20

and made

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

אֲשֵׁירָ֗ה13 of 20

a grove

H842

asherah (or astarte) a phoenician goddess; also an image of the same

וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ֙14 of 20

and worshipped

H7812

to depress, i.e., prostrate (especially reflexive, in homage to royalty or god)

לְכָל15 of 20
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

צְבָ֣א16 of 20

all the host

H6635

a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (speci

הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם17 of 20

of heaven

H8064

the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies r

וַיַּֽעַבְד֖וּ18 of 20

and served

H5647

to work (in any sense); by implication, to serve, till, (causatively) enslave, etc

אֶת19 of 20
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַבָּֽעַל׃20 of 20

Baal

H1168

baal, a phoenician deity


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 2 Kings. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

2 Kings 17:16 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 2 Kings 17:16 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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