King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 30:4 Mean?

1 Samuel 30:4 in the King James Version says “Then David and the people that were with him lifted up their voice and wept, until they had no more power to weep. — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 30 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Then David and the people that were with him lifted up their voice and wept, until they had no more power to weep.

1 Samuel 30:4 · KJV


Context

2

And had taken the women captives, that were therein: they slew not any, either great or small, but carried them away, and went on their way.

3

So David and his men came to the city, and, behold, it was burned with fire; and their wives, and their sons, and their daughters, were taken captives.

4

Then David and the people that were with him lifted up their voice and wept, until they had no more power to weep.

5

And David's two wives were taken captives, Ahinoam the Jezreelitess, and Abigail the wife of Nabal the Carmelite.

6

And David was greatly distressed; for the people spake of stoning him, because the soul of all the people was grieved, every man for his sons and for his daughters: but David encouraged himself in the LORD his God. grieved: Heb. bitter


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The description of collective grief, 'lifted up their voice and wept, until they had no more power to weep,' expresses exhaustion through mourning. The Hebrew 'ad asher en bahem koach livekot' (until there was no strength in them to weep) captures the physical depletion of intense grief. David shares this mourning equally with his men, not standing apart as leader but participating in the community's devastation. Even future kings must grieve their losses fully.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern mourning was demonstrative and communal. Loud weeping, tearing clothes, and other physical expressions of grief were culturally expected responses to loss. The communal nature of this mourning reflects the shared trauma.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do you process grief to the point of exhaustion?
  2. What role does shared mourning play in processing collective trauma?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 14 words
וַיִּשָּׂ֨א1 of 14

that were with him lifted up

H5375

to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative

דָוִ֜ד2 of 14

Then David

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

וְהָעָ֧ם3 of 14

and the people

H5971

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

אֲשֶׁר4 of 14
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

אִתּ֛וֹ5 of 14
H854

properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc

אֶת6 of 14
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

קוֹלָ֖ם7 of 14

their voice

H6963

a voice or sound

לִבְכּֽוֹת׃8 of 14

and wept

H1058

to weep; generally to bemoan

עַ֣ד9 of 14
H5704

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

אֲשֶׁ֧ר10 of 14
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

אֵין11 of 14
H369

a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle

בָּהֶ֛ם12 of 14
H0
כֹּ֖חַ13 of 14

until they had no more power

H3581

vigor, literally (force, in a good or a bad sense) or figuratively (capacity, means, produce)

לִבְכּֽוֹת׃14 of 14

and wept

H1058

to weep; generally to bemoan


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 30:4 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 30:4 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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