King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 30:2 Mean?

1 Samuel 30:2 in the King James Version says “And had taken the women captives, that were therein: they slew not any, either great or small, but carried them away, an... — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 30 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And had taken the women captives, that were therein: they slew not any, either great or small, but carried them away, and went on their way.

1 Samuel 30:2 · KJV


Context

1

And it came to pass, when David and his men were come to Ziklag on the third day, that the Amalekites had invaded the south, and Ziklag, and smitten Ziklag, and burned it with fire;

2

And had taken the women captives, that were therein: they slew not any, either great or small, but carried them away, and went on their way.

3

So David and his men came to the city, and, behold, it was burned with fire; and their wives, and their sons, and their daughters, were taken captives.

4

Then David and the people that were with him lifted up their voice and wept, until they had no more power to weep.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The Amalekites' unusual restraint in taking captives rather than killing presents a theological puzzle. The Hebrew 'lo hemitu' (they did not kill) indicates deliberate decision. This mercy may reflect slave-trade economics (living captives were valuable) or divine providence preserving lives for rescue. The phrase 'carried them away' (Hebrew: 'wayyinhagu') suggests forced march with captives, including women and children. What appeared as disaster contained the seeds of restoration.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The slave trade was significant in the ancient Near East. Living captives, especially women and children, could be sold in Egyptian or Arabian markets. The Amalekites' commercial motivations inadvertently preserved the families for rescue.

Reflection Questions

  1. When has apparent disaster contained hidden provisions for recovery?
  2. How do even enemies' self-interested choices sometimes serve God's protective purposes?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 14 words
וַיִּשְׁבּ֨וּ1 of 14

captives

H7617

to transport into captivity

אֶת2 of 14
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַנָּשִׁ֤ים3 of 14

And had taken the women

H802

a woman

אֲשֶׁר4 of 14
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

בָּהּ֙5 of 14
H0
מִקָּטֹ֣ן6 of 14

or small

H6996

abbreviated, i.e., diminutive, literally (in quantity, size or number) or figuratively (in age or importance)

וְעַד7 of 14
H5704

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

גָּד֔וֹל8 of 14

either great

H1419

great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent

לֹ֥א9 of 14
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

הֵמִ֖יתוּ10 of 14

that were therein they slew

H4191

to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill

אִ֑ישׁ11 of 14

not any

H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

וַיִּֽנְהֲג֔וּ12 of 14

but carried them away

H5090

to drive forth (a person, an animal or chariot), also (from the panting induced by effort), to sigh

וַיֵּֽלְכ֖וּ13 of 14
H1980

to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

לְדַרְכָּֽם׃14 of 14

on their way

H1870

a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 30:2 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 30:2 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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