King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 24:22 Mean?

1 Samuel 24:22 in the King James Version says “And David sware unto Saul. And Saul went home; but David and his men gat them up unto the hold. — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 24 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And David sware unto Saul. And Saul went home; but David and his men gat them up unto the hold.

1 Samuel 24:22 · KJV


Context

20

And now, behold, I know well that thou shalt surely be king, and that the kingdom of Israel shall be established in thine hand.

21

Swear now therefore unto me by the LORD, that thou wilt not cut off my seed after me, and that thou wilt not destroy my name out of my father's house.

22

And David sware unto Saul. And Saul went home; but David and his men gat them up unto the hold.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And David sware unto Saul. And Saul went home; but David and his men gat them up unto the hold.

David's oath demonstrates magnanimity that would later shape his treatment of Saul's house. The Hebrew 'vayishava David le-Sha'ul' (David swore to Saul) created binding obligation. Significantly, after this reconciliation scene, they separate—Saul to his 'house' (home/palace), David to the 'hold' (metsudah—stronghold). No actual peace was established; circumstances resumed their prior patterns. The Hebrew distinction between 'house' and 'hold' emphasizes the inequality: Saul returned to royal comfort while David remained in wilderness hiding. David's later kindness to Mephibosheth (2 Samuel 9) fulfilled this oath, demonstrating that David kept vows even when the one who extracted them did not keep his implicit commitment to peace.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The separation after reconciliation shows both parties understood the encounter changed nothing permanently. David's oath, however, would be honored—he spared Saul's descendants and showed kindness to Jonathan's son. The 'hold' probably refers to En-gedi's strongholds.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why did reconciliation not produce lasting peace between David and Saul?
  2. How does David's faithfulness to this oath model keeping commitments even to unreliable people?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וַיִּשָּׁבַ֥ע1 of 12

sware

H7650

to seven oneself, i.e., swear (as if by repeating a declaration seven times)

וְדָוִד֙2 of 12

And David

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

שָׁאוּל֙3 of 12

And Saul

H7586

shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites

וַיֵּ֤לֶךְ4 of 12
H1980

to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

שָׁאוּל֙5 of 12

And Saul

H7586

shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites

אֶל6 of 12
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

בֵּית֔וֹ7 of 12

home

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

וְדָוִד֙8 of 12

And David

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

וַֽאֲנָשָׁ֔יו9 of 12
H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

עָל֖וּ10 of 12

gat them up

H5927

to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative

עַל11 of 12
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

הַמְּצוּדָֽה׃12 of 12

unto the hold

H4686

a fastness


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 24:22 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 24:22 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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