King James Version

What Does Matthew 10:16 Mean?

Matthew 10:16 in the King James Version says “Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves: be ye therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves. harml... — study this verse from Matthew chapter 10 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves: be ye therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves. harmless: or, simple

Matthew 10:16 · KJV


Context

14

And whosoever shall not receive you, nor hear your words, when ye depart out of that house or city, shake off the dust of your feet.

15

Verily I say unto you, It shall be more tolerable for the land of Sodom and Gomorrha in the day of judgment, than for that city.

16

Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves: be ye therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves. harmless: or, simple

17

But beware of men: for they will deliver you up to the councils, and they will scourge you in their synagogues;

18

And ye shall be brought before governors and kings for my sake, for a testimony against them and the Gentiles.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Jesus' warning 'Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves' acknowledges the mission's danger—His followers enter hostile territory without defensive power. The instruction 'be ye therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves' combines shrewd discernment with moral innocence. Wisdom protects against naive vulnerability; harmlessness prevents becoming like the opposition. This balance is essential for Christian witness in a hostile world.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Sheep were defenseless prey, wolves their natural predators—vivid image of vulnerability. Serpents represented cunning; doves represented purity and gentleness. Jesus forbids both naive foolishness and cunning manipulation. Disciples must navigate danger with spiritual wisdom while maintaining integrity.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do you balance wisdom and innocence when facing opposition?
  2. In what situations do you tend toward naivete or cynicism rather than Spirit-led discernment?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 20 words
Ἰδού,1 of 20

Behold

G2400

used as imperative lo!

ἐγὼ2 of 20

I

G1473

i, me

ἀποστέλλω3 of 20

forth

G649

set apart, i.e., (by implication) to send out (properly, on a mission) literally or figuratively

ὑμᾶς4 of 20

you

G5209

you (as the objective of a verb or preposition)

ὡς5 of 20

as

G5613

which how, i.e., in that manner (very variously used, as follows)

πρόβατα6 of 20

sheep

G4263

something that walks forward (a quadruped), i.e., (specially), a sheep (literally or figuratively)

ἐν7 of 20

in

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

μέσῳ8 of 20

the midst

G3319

middle (as an adjective or (neuter) noun)

λύκων·9 of 20

of wolves

G3074

a wolf

γίνεσθε10 of 20

be ye

G1096

to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)

οὖν11 of 20

therefore

G3767

(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly

φρόνιμοι12 of 20

wise

G5429

thoughtful, i.e., sagacious or discreet (implying a cautious character; while g4680 denotes practical skill or acumen; and g4908 indicates rather inte

ὡς13 of 20

as

G5613

which how, i.e., in that manner (very variously used, as follows)

οἱ14 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ὄφεις15 of 20

serpents

G3789

a snake, figuratively, (as a type of sly cunning) an artful malicious person, especially satan

καὶ16 of 20

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἀκέραιοι17 of 20

harmless

G185

unmixed, i.e., (figuratively) innocent

ὡς18 of 20

as

G5613

which how, i.e., in that manner (very variously used, as follows)

αἱ19 of 20
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

περιστεραί20 of 20

doves

G4058

a pigeon


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 10:16 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 10:16 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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