King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 23:7 Mean?

1 Samuel 23:7 in the King James Version says “And it was told Saul that David was come to Keilah. And Saul said, God hath delivered him into mine hand; for he is shut... — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 23 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And it was told Saul that David was come to Keilah. And Saul said, God hath delivered him into mine hand; for he is shut in, by entering into a town that hath gates and bars.

1 Samuel 23:7 · KJV


Context

5

So David and his men went to Keilah, and fought with the Philistines, and brought away their cattle, and smote them with a great slaughter. So David saved the inhabitants of Keilah.

6

And it came to pass, when Abiathar the son of Ahimelech fled to David to Keilah, that he came down with an ephod in his hand.

7

And it was told Saul that David was come to Keilah. And Saul said, God hath delivered him into mine hand; for he is shut in, by entering into a town that hath gates and bars.

8

And Saul called all the people together to war, to go down to Keilah, to besiege David and his men.

9

And David knew that Saul secretly practised mischief against him; and he said to Abiathar the priest, Bring hither the ephod.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And it was told Saul that David was come to Keilah. And Saul said, God hath delivered him into mine hand; for he is shut in, by entering into a town that hath gates and bars.

Saul's interpretation of events reveals his spiritual blindness. The Hebrew 'nikkar' (delivered/sold) suggests God had abandoned David to Saul—a complete misreading of providence. Saul sees divine favor in David's vulnerability, interpreting the fortified town as a trap rather than a refuge. The phrase 'gates and bars' that should signify protection becomes, in Saul's view, David's prison. This distorted theology—seeing God's hand in circumstances that serve one's sinful agenda—typifies those who have lost spiritual discernment. Saul claims divine endorsement for what God actually opposes, a perennial temptation for those pursuing ungodly ends.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Walled cities with gates and bars were normally defensive advantages. Saul's military thinking saw them as limiting David's escape options, turning David's protective action (helping Keilah) into potential vulnerability.

Reflection Questions

  1. How can we misinterpret circumstances as divine endorsement of our wrong desires?
  2. What does Saul's distorted view of providence teach about spiritual discernment?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 18 words
וַיֻּגַּ֣ד1 of 18

And it was told

H5046

properly, to front, i.e., stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to

שָׁא֗וּל2 of 18

And Saul

H7586

shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites

כִּי3 of 18
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

לָב֔וֹא4 of 18

by entering

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

דָוִ֖ד5 of 18

that David

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

קְעִילָ֑ה6 of 18

to Keilah

H7084

keilah, a place in palestine

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר7 of 18

said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

שָׁא֗וּל8 of 18

And Saul

H7586

shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites

נִכַּ֨ר9 of 18

hath delivered

H5234

properly, to scrutinize, i.e., look intently at; hence (with recognition implied), to acknowledge, be acquainted with, care for, respect, revere, or (

אֹת֤וֹ10 of 18
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

אֱלֹהִים֙11 of 18

God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

בְּיָדִ֔י12 of 18

him into mine hand

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

כִּ֚י13 of 18
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

נִסְגַּ֣ר14 of 18

for he is shut in

H5462

to shut up; figuratively, to surrender

לָב֔וֹא15 of 18

by entering

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

בְּעִ֖יר16 of 18

into a town

H5892

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

דְּלָתַ֥יִם17 of 18

that hath gates

H1817

something swinging, i.e., the valve of a door

וּבְרִֽיחַ׃18 of 18

and bars

H1280

a bolt


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 23:7 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 23:7 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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