King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 20:26 Mean?

1 Samuel 20:26 in the King James Version says “Nevertheless Saul spake not any thing that day: for he thought, Something hath befallen him, he is not clean; surely he ... — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 20 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Nevertheless Saul spake not any thing that day: for he thought, Something hath befallen him, he is not clean; surely he is not clean.

1 Samuel 20:26 · KJV


Context

24

So David hid himself in the field: and when the new moon was come, the king sat him down to eat meat.

25

And the king sat upon his seat, as at other times, even upon a seat by the wall: and Jonathan arose, and Abner sat by Saul's side, and David's place was empty.

26

Nevertheless Saul spake not any thing that day: for he thought, Something hath befallen him, he is not clean; surely he is not clean.

27

And it came to pass on the morrow, which was the second day of the month, that David's place was empty: and Saul said unto Jonathan his son, Wherefore cometh not the son of Jesse to meat, neither yesterday, nor to day?

28

And Jonathan answered Saul, David earnestly asked leave of me to go to Bethlehem:


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Nevertheless Saul spake not any thing that day: for he thought, Something hath befallen him, he is not clean; surely he is not clean.

Saul's silence on the first day - assuming David was ceremonially unclean - revealed his religious pretense. He would not publicly inquire lest it appear he suspected David. The phrase 'surely he is not clean' uses ritual language to mask murderous intent. Saul maintained the appearance of pious concern while harboring deadly purpose. Religious people sometimes hide violent hearts behind ceremonial scruples. The waiting game continued into the second day.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Ceremonial uncleanness from various causes prohibited participation in religious feasts (Leviticus 7:20-21). Assuming such uncleanness was charitable interpretation of absence. Saul's restraint the first day showed calculated patience awaiting clearer opportunity.

Reflection Questions

  1. When have religious explanations been used to mask less noble motivations?
  2. What does Saul's pretended concern reveal about the gap between religious appearance and heart reality?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 16 words
וְלֹֽא1 of 16
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

דִבֶּ֥ר2 of 16

spake

H1696

perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue

שָׁא֛וּל3 of 16

Nevertheless Saul

H7586

shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites

מְא֖וּמָה4 of 16

not any thing

H3972

properly, a speck or point, i.e., (by implication) something; with negative, nothing

בַּיּ֣וֹם5 of 16

that day

H3117

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso

הַה֑וּא6 of 16
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

כִּ֤י7 of 16
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

אָמַר֙8 of 16

for he thought

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

מִקְרֶ֣ה9 of 16

Something hath befallen

H4745

something met with, i.e., an accident or fortune

ה֔וּא10 of 16
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

בִּלְתִּ֥י11 of 16

him he is not

H1115

properly, a failure of, i.e., (used only as a negative particle, usually with a prepositional prefix) not, except, without, unless, besides, because n

טָהֽוֹר׃12 of 16

clean

H2889

pure (in a physical, chemical, ceremonial or moral sense)

ה֖וּא13 of 16
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

כִּֽי14 of 16
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

לֹ֥א15 of 16
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

טָהֽוֹר׃16 of 16

clean

H2889

pure (in a physical, chemical, ceremonial or moral sense)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 20:26 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 20:26 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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