King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 2:4 Mean?

1 Samuel 2:4 in the King James Version says “The bows of the mighty men are broken, and they that stumbled are girded with strength. — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

The bows of the mighty men are broken, and they that stumbled are girded with strength.

1 Samuel 2:4 · KJV


Context

2

There is none holy as the LORD: for there is none beside thee: neither is there any rock like our God.

3

Talk no more so exceeding proudly; let not arrogancy come out of your mouth: for the LORD is a God of knowledge, and by him actions are weighed. arrogancy: Heb. hard

4

The bows of the mighty men are broken, and they that stumbled are girded with strength.

5

They that were full have hired out themselves for bread; and they that were hungry ceased: so that the barren hath born seven; and she that hath many children is waxed feeble.

6

The LORD killeth, and maketh alive: he bringeth down to the grave, and bringeth up.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Hannah now applies her theology to concrete reversals of fortune. The 'bows of the mighty' represent military power and self-sufficient strength. Their breaking demonstrates God's ability to disarm the powerful. Conversely, those who 'stumbled' (the weak and failing) receive strength like a warrior's belt. This reversal pattern permeates Scripture and finds ultimate expression in the cross, where apparent defeat becomes cosmic victory. God consistently works contrary to human expectations, exalting the humble and humbling the proud.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The bow was the premier long-range weapon of ancient warfare and a symbol of military might. Being 'girded with strength' refers to the warrior's belt that held weapons and enabled combat. These images would resonate with audiences familiar with military realities.

Reflection Questions

  1. Where have you witnessed God's pattern of strengthening the weak and humbling the powerful?
  2. How should this divine pattern affect believers' pursuit of power and position?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 6 words
קֶ֥שֶׁת1 of 6

The bows

H7198

a bow, for shooting (hence, figuratively, strength) or the iris

גִּבֹּרִ֖ים2 of 6

of the mighty men

H1368

powerful; by implication, warrior, tyrant

חַתִּ֑ים3 of 6

are broken

H2844

concretely, crushed; also afraid; abstractly, terror

וְנִכְשָׁלִ֖ים4 of 6

and they that stumbled

H3782

to totter or waver (through weakness of the legs, especially the ankle); by implication, to falter, stumble, faint or fall

אָ֥זְרוּ5 of 6

are girded

H247

to belt

חָֽיִל׃6 of 6

with strength

H2428

probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 2:4 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 2:4 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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