King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 16:21 Mean?

1 Samuel 16:21 in the King James Version says “And David came to Saul, and stood before him: and he loved him greatly; and he became his armourbearer . — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 16 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And David came to Saul, and stood before him: and he loved him greatly; and he became his armourbearer .

1 Samuel 16:21 · KJV


Context

19

Wherefore Saul sent messengers unto Jesse, and said, Send me David thy son, which is with the sheep.

20

And Jesse took an ass laden with bread, and a bottle of wine, and a kid , and sent them by David his son unto Saul.

21

And David came to Saul, and stood before him: and he loved him greatly; and he became his armourbearer .

22

And Saul sent to Jesse, saying, Let David, I pray thee, stand before me; for he hath found favour in my sight.

23

And it came to pass, when the evil spirit from God was upon Saul, that David took an harp, and played with his hand: so Saul was refreshed, and was well, and the evil spirit departed from him.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And David came to Saul, and stood before him: and he loved him greatly; and he became his armourbearer.

Saul's immediate love for David and appointment as armor-bearer created deep irony: the rejected king embracing his replacement, the warrior king dependent on the shepherd boy. The Hebrew 'ahab (love) indicates genuine affection, making Saul's later hatred more tragic. As armor-bearer, David would learn warfare at the king's side while remaining hidden in plain sight as God's anointed.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Armor-bearers held positions of trust and intimacy, carrying the king's weapons and protecting him in battle. The role provided military education and courtly experience. Notable armor-bearers like Jonathan's (1 Samuel 14) demonstrated both skill and loyalty.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does genuine initial affection that later turns to hatred reflect the corruption of sin?
  2. What does David's humble service to Saul teach about serving even when you know greater things await?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וַיָּבֹ֤א1 of 12

came

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

דָוִד֙2 of 12

And David

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

אֶל3 of 12
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

שָׁא֔וּל4 of 12

to Saul

H7586

shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites

וַֽיַּעֲמֹ֖ד5 of 12

and stood

H5975

to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive)

לְפָנָ֑יו6 of 12

before

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

וַיֶּֽאֱהָבֵ֣הֽוּ7 of 12

him and he loved

H157

to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)

מְאֹ֔ד8 of 12

him greatly

H3966

properly, vehemence, i.e., (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication, wholly, speedily, etc. (often with other words as an intensive or

וַֽיְהִי9 of 12
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

ל֖וֹ10 of 12
H0
נֹשֵׂ֥א11 of 12

and he became his armourbearer

H5375

to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative

כֵלִֽים׃12 of 12
H3627

something prepared, i.e., any apparatus (as an implement, utensil, dress, vessel or weapon)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 16:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 16:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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