King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 16:14 Mean?

1 Samuel 16:14 in the King James Version says “But the Spirit of the LORD departed from Saul, and an evil spirit from the LORD troubled him. troubled: or, terrified — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 16 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

But the Spirit of the LORD departed from Saul, and an evil spirit from the LORD troubled him. troubled: or, terrified

1 Samuel 16:14 · KJV


Context

12

And he sent, and brought him in. Now he was ruddy, and withal of a beautiful countenance, and goodly to look to. And the LORD said, Arise, anoint him: for this is he. of a: Heb. fair of eyes

13

Then Samuel took the horn of oil, and anointed him in the midst of his brethren: and the Spirit of the LORD came upon David from that day forward. So Samuel rose up, and went to Ramah.

14

But the Spirit of the LORD departed from Saul, and an evil spirit from the LORD troubled him. troubled: or, terrified

15

And Saul's servants said unto him, Behold now, an evil spirit from God troubleth thee.

16

Let our lord now command thy servants, which are before thee, to seek out a man, who is a cunning player on an harp: and it shall come to pass, when the evil spirit from God is upon thee, that he shall play with his hand, and thou shalt be well.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
But the Spirit of the LORD departed from Saul, and an evil spirit from the LORD troubled him.

The theological crux of this verse - an 'evil spirit from the LORD' - raises profound questions about divine sovereignty over spiritual forces. The Hebrew ruach ra'ah can indicate a harmful or distressing spirit. That it came 'from the LORD' affirms that even malevolent spiritual activity operates under divine permission (cf. Job 1-2; 1 Kings 22:19-23). Saul's torment was both judgment for disobedience and preparation for David's entry into royal service.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern cultures recognized spiritual causation behind mental and emotional disturbance. Israel's distinctive theology attributed ultimate sovereignty to Yahweh alone, refusing to posit independent evil deities. Saul's condition may have manifested as depression, paranoia, or erratic behavior.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God's sovereignty over evil spirits shape your understanding of spiritual warfare?
  2. What does Saul's torment teach about the consequences of persistent disobedience?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 10 words
רֽוּחַ1 of 10

But the Spirit

H7307

wind; by resemblance breath, i.e., a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the

יְהוָֽה׃2 of 10

from the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

סָ֖רָה3 of 10

departed

H5493

to turn off (literally or figuratively)

מֵעִ֣ם4 of 10
H5973

adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then

שָׁא֑וּל5 of 10

from Saul

H7586

shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites

וּבִֽעֲתַ֥תּוּ6 of 10

troubled

H1204

to fear

רֽוּחַ7 of 10

But the Spirit

H7307

wind; by resemblance breath, i.e., a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the

רָעָ֖ה8 of 10

and an evil

H7451

bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)

מֵאֵ֥ת9 of 10
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

יְהוָֽה׃10 of 10

from the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 16:14 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 16:14 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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