King James Version
Micah 7
20 verses with commentary
Israel's Misery and Hope
Woe is me! for I am as when they have gathered the summer fruits, as the grapegleanings of the vintage: there is no cluster to eat: my soul desired the firstripe fruit. when: Heb. the gatherings of summer
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>Woe is me! for I am as when they have gathered the summer fruits, as the grapegleanings of the vintage: there is no cluster to eat: my soul desired the firstripe fruit.</strong> Micah laments social and moral desolation using agricultural metaphor. <strong>אַלְלַי־לִי</strong> (allai-li, "Woe is me!") expresses deep anguish. <strong>כִּי הָיִיתִי כְּאָסְפֵּי־קַיִץ כְּעֹלְלֹת בָּצִיר</stron...
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VII.
(1) **Woe is me!**—Micah gives here a fearful picture of the demoralised state of society in Judah which had called down the vengeance of God. As the early fig gathered in June is eagerly sought for by the traveller, so the prophet sought anxiously for a good man; but his experience was that of the Psalmist: “The godly man ceaseth; the faithful fail from among the children of men.”
The good man is perished out of the earth: and there is none upright among men: they all lie in wait for blood; they hunt every man his brother with a net. good: or, godly, or, merciful
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>The good man is perished out of the earth: and there is none upright among men: they all lie in wait for blood; they hunt every man his brother with a net.</strong> Micah's lament intensifies. <strong>אָבַד חָסִיד מִן־הָאָרֶץ</strong> (avad chasid min-ha'arets, "the godly/faithful person has perished from the earth"). <strong>חָסִיד</strong> (chasid) is one who practices <strong>חֶסֶד</str...
Read full commentary →Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers
(2) **With a net.**—The net, which in the Hebrew term comes from a verb meaning to shut up, was used both by the fisherman and the fowler. “They lay wait for one another, as hunters for wild beasts.”
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**27. cannot--**Daniel, being learned in all the lore of the Chaldeans (Da 1:4), could authoritatively declare the impossibility of mere man solving the king's difficulty.
**soothsayers--**from a root, "to cut off"; referring to their cutting the heavens into divisions, and so guessing at men's destinies from the place of the stars at one's birth.
That they may do evil with both hands earnestly, the prince asketh, and the judge asketh for a reward; and the great man, he uttereth his mischievous desire: so they wrap it up. his: Heb. the mischief of his soul
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>That they may do evil with both hands earnestly, the prince asketh, and the judge asketh for a reward; and the great man, he uttereth his mischievous desire: so they wrap it up.</strong> Corruption becomes systematic conspiracy. <strong>עַל־הָרַע כַּפַּיִם לְהֵיטִיב</strong> (al-hara kapayim le-heitiv, "concerning evil, both hands to do it well"). This phrase suggests using both hands ener...
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(3) **That they may do evil with both hands earnestly.**—Literally, *well.* Dr. Benisch, in his Old Testament newly translated under the supervision of the Rev. the Chief Rabbi of the United Congregations of the British Empire (1852), avoids the oxymoron of doing “evil” “well” by translating the passage, “concerning the evil which their hands should amend,” which satisfactorily harmonises with the...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**28. God--**in contrast to "the wise men," &c. (Da 2:27).
**revealeth secrets--**(Am 3:7; 4:13). Compare Ge 41:45, Zaphnath-paaneah, "revealer of secrets," the title given to Joseph.
**the latter days--**literally, "in the after days" (Da 2:29); "hereafter" (Ge 49:1). It refers to the whole future, including the Messianic days, which is the final dispensation (Is 2:2).
**visions of thy ...
Read full commentary →The best of them is as a brier: the most upright is sharper than a thorn hedge: the day of thy watchmen and thy visitation cometh; now shall be their perplexity.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>The best of them is as a brier: the most upright is sharper than a thorn hedge: the day of thy watchmen and thy visitation cometh; now shall be their perplexity.</strong> Even society's best members cause harm. <strong>טוֹבָם כְּחֵדֶק</strong> (tovam khe-chedeq, "their best is like a brier"). <strong>חֵדֶק</strong> (chedeq) is a thorny plant that tears and scratches. The best people aren't...
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(4) **The day of thy watchmen**—*i.e.,* the time which thy prophets have foreseen, about which they have continually warned thee. “Also I set watchmen over you, saying, Hearken to the sound of the trumpet. But they said, *We* will not hearken” (Jeremiah 6:17).
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
29. God met with a revelation Nebuchadnezzar, who had been meditating on the future destiny of his vast empire.
Trust ye not in a friend, put ye not confidence in a guide: keep the doors of thy mouth from her that lieth in thy bosom.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>Trust ye not in a friend, put ye not confidence in a guide: keep the doors of thy mouth from her that lieth in thy bosom.</strong> Social trust collapses completely. <strong>אַל־תַּאֲמִינוּ בְרֵעַ</strong> (al-ta'aminu ve-re'a, "trust not in a friend"). <strong>רֵעַ</strong> (re'a) is a friend, companion, or neighbor. Don't trust even close associates. <strong>אַל־תִּבְטְחוּ בְאַלּוּף</str...
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(5, 6) **Trust ye not** . . .—All is now distrust and suspicion. The households are divided each against itself, and the relationships which should mean mutual confidence and support have become the occasion of the most bitter hostility. Our Lord adopts these words to express the strife and division which, He foresaw, would defile Christianity. (Comp. Matthew 10:35; Mark 13:12; Luke 12:53.)
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**30. not ... for any wisdom that I have--**not on account of any previous wisdom which I may have manifested (Da 1:17, 20). The specially-favored servants of God in all ages disclaim merit in themselves and ascribe all to the grace and power of God (Ge 41:16; Ac 3:12). The "as for me," disclaiming extraordinary merit, contrasts elegantly with "as for thee," whereby Daniel courteously, but without...
Read full commentary →For the son dishonoureth the father, the daughter riseth up against her mother, the daughter in law against her mother in law; a man's enemies are the men of his own house.
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<strong>For the son dishonoureth the father, the daughter riseth up against her mother, the daughter in law against her mother in law; a man's enemies are the men of his own house.</strong> Family structures collapse completely. <strong>כִּי־בֵן מְנַבֵּל אָב</strong> (ki-ven menabbel av, "for the son dishonors the father"). <strong>נָבַל</strong> (naval) means to treat with contempt, disgrace, or ...
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31. The world power in its totality appears as a colossal human form: Babylon the head of gold, Medo-Persia the breast and two arms of silver, Græco-Macedonia the belly and two thighs of brass, and Rome, with its Germano-Slavonic offshoots, the legs of iron and feet of iron and clay, the fourth still existing. Those kingdoms only are mentioned which stand in some relation to the kingdom of God; of...
Read full commentary →Prayer and Praise
Therefore I will look unto the LORD; I will wait for the God of my salvation: my God will hear me.
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KJV Study Commentary
"Therefore I will look unto the LORD; I will wait for the God of my salvation: my God will hear me." The "Therefore" (ve-ani) connects to preceding judgment—because circumstances are dire, faith must anchor in God alone. "I will look" (atsappeh) means watchfully wait, like a sentinel. "I will wait" (achakeh) emphasizes patient endurance. "God of my salvation" (Elohei yish'i) identifies God as the ...
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(7) **Therefore I will look unto the Lord.**—Because of all this gloom which has settled upon the earth, I, for my part, will lift up mine eyes to the everlasting hills, whereon rests the light of Jehovah’s presence.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
32. On ancient coins states are often represented by human figures. The head and higher parts signify the earlier times; the lower, the later times. The metals become successively baser and baser, implying the growing degeneracy from worse to worse. Hesiod, two hundred years before Daniel, had compared the four ages to the four metals in the same order; the idea is sanctioned here by Holy Writ. It...
Read full commentary →Rejoice not against me, O mine enemy: when I fall, I shall arise; when I sit in darkness, the LORD shall be a light unto me.
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KJV Study Commentary
"Rejoice not against me, O mine enemy: when I fall, I shall arise; when I sit in darkness, the LORD shall be a light unto me." This confession expresses triumphant faith amid adversity. The imperative "Rejoice not" (al-tismchi) forbids premature celebration by enemies. The confidence "when I fall, I shall arise" (ki naphalti qamti) demonstrates resilient faith—not "if" but "when," acknowledging di...
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(8) **O mine enemy.**—The Hebrew word is strictly a female enemy (see Micah 7:10), and is used of enemies collectively. The cities of Babylon and Edom are probably intended. They are mentioned together in Psalms 137 : “Remember, O Lord, the children of Edom.” . . . “O Babylon, that art to be destroyed.” The fall of those cities should be final, but Jerusalem would rise again.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
33. As the two arms of silver denote the kings of the Medes and Persians [Josephus]; and the two thighs of brass the Seleucidæ of Syria and Lagidæ of Egypt, the two leading sections into which Græco-Macedonia parted, so the two legs of iron signify the two Roman consuls [Newton]. The clay, in Da 2:41, "potter's clay," Da 2:43, "miry clay," means "earthenware," hard but brittle (compare Psa 2:9; Re...
Read full commentary →I will bear the indignation of the LORD, because I have sinned against him, until he plead my cause, and execute judgment for me: he will bring me forth to the light, and I shall behold his righteousness.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>I will bear the indignation of the LORD, because I have sinned against him</strong> (<em>za'aph YHWH essa ki chatati lo</em>, זַעַף יְהוָה אֶשָּׂא כִּי חָטָאתִי לוֹ). This remarkable confession combines genuine repentance with confident hope. The verb <em>nasa</em> (נָשָׂא, "bear/carry") accepts divine discipline as deserved. <em>Za'aph</em> (זַעַף) denotes God's indignation or wrath—not a...
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(9) **I will bear.**—Micah places himself and his people with confidence in the hands of God. So, too, id David speak when his sin was brought home to him by God: “I am in a great strait; let us fall now into the hand of the Lord: for His mercies are great; and let me not fall into the hand of man” (2Samuel 24:14). “This is the temper of all penitents when stricken by God, or under chastisement fr...
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**34. stone--**Messiah and His kingdom (Ge 49:24; Psa 118:22; Is 28:16). In its relations to Israel, it is a "stone of stumbling" (Is 8:14; Ac 4:11; 1Pe 2:7, 8) on which both houses of Israel are broken, not destroyed (Mt 21:32). In its relation to the Church, the same stone which destroys the image is the foundation of the Church (Ep 2:20). In its relation to the Gentile world power, the stone is...
Read full commentary →Then she that is mine enemy shall see it, and shame shall cover her which said unto me, Where is the LORD thy God? mine eyes shall behold her: now shall she be trodden down as the mire of the streets. Then: or, And thou wilt see her that is mine enemy, and cover her with shame shall she: Heb. she shall be for a treading down
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>Then she that is mine enemy shall see it, and shame shall cover her</strong> (<em>vetere oyevti bushah tekhassehah</em>, וְתֵרֶא אֹיַבְתִּי בּוּשָׁה תְכַסֶּהָ). The "enemy" personified as female likely represents hostile nations (Assyria, Babylon, Edom) who mocked Israel during their discipline. <em>Bushah</em> (בּוּשָׁה, "shame") will "cover" them—the very humiliation they inflicted on Is...
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(10) **Now shall she be trodden down.**—The enemy that had taunted the Jews with the powerlessness of Jehovah should be trodden down when the Jews were delivered. Such was the experience of Sennacherib, who inquired contemptuously whether the Lord could deliver Jerusalem out of his hand.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**35. broken ... together--**excluding a contemporaneous existence of the kingdom of the world and the kingdom of God (in its manifested, as distinguished from its spiritual, phase). The latter is not gradually to wear away the former, but to destroy it at once, and utterly (2Th 1:7-10; 2:8). However, the Hebrew may be translated, "in one discriminate mass."
**chaff--**image of the ungodly, as t...
Read full commentary →In the day that thy walls are to be built, in that day shall the decree be far removed.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>In the day that thy walls are to be built</strong> (<em>yom livnot geaderayik</em>, יוֹם לִבְנוֹת גְּדֵרָיִךְ). The Hebrew <em>gader</em> (גָּדֵר) refers to walls or fences—both literal city walls and metaphorical boundaries. This prophesies restoration after exile: rebuilding Jerusalem's walls (fulfilled under Nehemiah, 445 BC) and reestablishing Israel's territorial boundaries. The "day"...
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(11) **In that day shall the decree be far removed.**—The “decree” was something “definite,” as an appointed law or statute, and this should be far removed. Some interpret this prophecy to mean the removal of the law of separation between Jews and Gentiles; others explain it as predicting that the decree of God concerned not the Jews only, but distant nations who should press into the kingdom of G...
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**36. we--**Daniel and his three friends.
In that day also he shall come even to thee from Assyria, and from the fortified cities, and from the fortress even to the river, and from sea to sea, and from mountain to mountain. and fromcities: or, even tocities
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>In that day also he shall come even to thee from Assyria</strong> (<em>yom hu ve'adeyka yavo lemiAssur</em>, יוֹם הוּא וְעָדֶיךָ יָבוֹא לְמִנִּי אַשּׁוּר). This describes worldwide ingathering to restored Israel. <em>Ashur</em> (אַשּׁוּר, Assyria) represents the empire that conquered Northern Israel and deported populations. The prophecy promises their return and, more broadly, nations str...
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(12) **In that day also he shall come.**—Rather translate, *In that day shall they* (*impersonal*)* come even to thee from Assyria and* (*from*)* the cities of Matzor* (*i.e., Egypt*)*, and from Matzor even to the river* (*Euphrates*)*, and from sea to sea, and* (*from*)* mountain to mountain.* The prophet beholds people coming from all parts of the earth to Jerusalem. Isaiah foresaw the like futu...
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**37. Thou ... art a king of kings--**The committal of power in fullest plenitude belongs to Nebuchadnezzar personally, as having made Babylon the mighty empire it was. In twenty-three years after him the empire was ended: with him its greatness is identified (Da 4:30), his successors having done nothing notable. Not that he actually ruled every part of the globe, but that God granted him illimita...
Read full commentary →Notwithstanding the land shall be desolate because of them that dwell therein, for the fruit of their doings. Notwithstanding: or, After that it hath been
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>Notwithstanding the land shall be desolate</strong> (<em>vehayetah ha'arets lishmamah</em>, וְהָיְתָה הָאָרֶץ לִשְׁמָמָה). The particle "notwithstanding" signals contrast: despite promises of restoration (vv. 11-12), judgment must first come. <em>Shemamah</em> (שְׁמָמָה, "desolation") describes utter devastation—empty, ruined land. This was fulfilled in Judah's Babylonian conquest (586 BC)...
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(13) **Notwithstanding the land shall be desolate.**—There is still bitterness in the cup. In the midst of the triumphant expectation of the glory to come, there rises up the vision of the desolation of the land in the near future, by reason of the sins of the people.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**38. men ... beasts ... fowls--**the dominion originally designed for man (Ge 1:28; 2:19, 20), forfeited by sin; temporarily delegated to Nebuchadnezzar and the world powers; but, as they abuse the trust for self, instead of for God, to be taken from them by the Son of man, who will exercise it for God, restoring in His person to man the lost inheritance (Psa 8:4-6).
**Thou art ... head of gold...
Read full commentary →God's Compassion on Israel
Feed thy people with thy rod, the flock of thine heritage, which dwell solitarily in the wood, in the midst of Carmel: let them feed in Bashan and Gilead, as in the days of old. Feed: or, Rule
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>Feed thy people with thy rod, the flock of thine heritage</strong> (<em>re'eh ammekha beshivtekha tson nachalatekha</em>, רְעֵה עַמְּךָ בְשִׁבְטֶךָ צֹאן נַחֲלָתֶךָ). This prayer addresses God as Shepherd—<em>ra'ah</em> (רָעָה, "to shepherd/feed") indicates both feeding and leading. The <em>shebet</em> (שֵׁבֶט, "rod/staff") is the shepherd's tool for guiding and protecting sheep (Psalm 23:4...
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(14) **Feed thy people with thy rod**.—Or, *with thy shepherd*’*s crook.* The prophet lifts up his prayer for the people, either dwelling “alone” among the idolaters of Babylon—among them, but not of them—or living a nation, mysteriously apart from other nations, returned from Babylon, and settled on the fruitful mountain range of Carmel, or in the rich pasture land on the east of Jordan. The extr...
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39. That Medo-Persia is the second kingdom appears from Da 5:28 and Da 8:20. Compare 2Ch 36:20; Is 21:2.
**inferior--**"The kings of Persia were the worst race of men that ever governed an empire" [Prideaux]. Politically (which is the main point of view here) the power of the central government in which the nobles shared with the king, being weakened by the growing independence of the provinces,...
Read full commentary →According to the days of thy coming out of the land of Egypt will I shew unto him marvellous things.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>According to the days of thy coming out of the land of Egypt will I shew unto him marvellous things</strong> (<em>kimei tsetekha me'eretz Mitzrayim ar'ennu nifla'ot</em>, כִּימֵי צֵאתְךָ מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם אַרְאֶנּוּ נִפְלָאוֹת). God promises a second Exodus—miracles (<em>nifla'ot</em>, נִפְלָאוֹת, "wonders") comparable to the original redemption. The Exodus paradigm includes plagues demons...
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(15) **According to the days of thy coming out.**—The promise of Jehovah, in reply to the prophet’s supplication, graciously recalls His interposition in the land of Egypt. This interposition shall be repeated.
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**40. iron--**This vision sets forth the character of the Roman power, rather than its territorial extent [Tregelles].
**breaketh in pieces--**So, in righteous retribution, itself will at last be broken in pieces (Da 2:44) by the kingdom of God (Re 13:10).
The nations shall see and be confounded at all their might: they shall lay their hand upon their mouth, their ears shall be deaf.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>The nations shall see and be confounded at all their might</strong> (<em>yir'u goyim veyevoshu mikol gevuratam</em>, יִרְאוּ גוֹיִם וְיֵבֹשׁוּ מִכֹּל גְּבוּרָתָם). When God performs His new Exodus, pagan nations will witness and be ashamed. <em>Bosh</em> (בּוֹשׁ, "be ashamed/confounded") indicates humiliation and confusion. "All their might" (<em>mikol gevuratam</em>) refers to military po...
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**41-43. feet ... toes ... part ... clay ... iron--**explained presently, "the kingdom shall be partly strong, partly broken" (rather, "brittle," as earthenware); and Da 2:43, "they shall mingle ... with the seed of men," that is, there will be power (in its deteriorated form, iron) mixed up with that which is wholly of man, and therefore brittle; power in the hands of the people having no interna...
Read full commentary →They shall lick the dust like a serpent, they shall move out of their holes like worms of the earth: they shall be afraid of the LORD our God, and shall fear because of thee. worms: or, creeping things
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>They shall lick the dust like a serpent</strong> (<em>yelechaku afar kannachash</em>, יְלַחֲכוּ עָפָר כַּנָּחָשׁ). This vivid imagery draws from Genesis 3:14's curse on the serpent: "upon thy belly shalt thou go, and dust shalt thou eat." Licking dust symbolizes total humiliation and defeat—enemies reduced to crawling in submission like the cursed serpent. It reverses their former arroganc...
Read full commentary →Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers
(17) **They shall lick the dust like a serpent.**—The doom of the determined enemies of the Lord and His people recalls that of Satan, the great enemy, as personified by the serpent. “Dust shalt thou eat all the days of thy life” (Genesis 3:14).
Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**41-43. feet ... toes ... part ... clay ... iron--**explained presently, "the kingdom shall be partly strong, partly broken" (rather, "brittle," as earthenware); and Da 2:43, "they shall mingle ... with the seed of men," that is, there will be power (in its deteriorated form, iron) mixed up with that which is wholly of man, and therefore brittle; power in the hands of the people having no interna...
Read full commentary →Who is a God like unto thee, that pardoneth iniquity, and passeth by the transgression of the remnant of his heritage? he retaineth not his anger for ever, because he delighteth in mercy.
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KJV Study Commentary
Micah concludes his prophecy with a magnificent hymn celebrating God's incomparable character. "Who is a God like unto thee" (mi-El kamokhah) plays on Micah's name (Mikayahu, "who is like Yahweh?") and echoes Moses's song at the Red Sea (Exodus 15:11). The implied answer: no one—no god, power, or authority compares to Yahweh. What makes Him unique? "That pardoneth iniquity" (nose avon)—the verb na...
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(18) **Who is a God like unto thee**?—Micah, with an allusion to the significance of his own name, concludes his book with a burst of enthusiastic homage to the God of gods. The gracious character here ascribed to Jehovah is unparalleled in the Bible in human utterances; it is the response of the prophet to the glorious words spoken by Jehovah of Himself (Exodus 34:6-7). The promise there made to ...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**41-43. feet ... toes ... part ... clay ... iron--**explained presently, "the kingdom shall be partly strong, partly broken" (rather, "brittle," as earthenware); and Da 2:43, "they shall mingle ... with the seed of men," that is, there will be power (in its deteriorated form, iron) mixed up with that which is wholly of man, and therefore brittle; power in the hands of the people having no interna...
Read full commentary →He will turn again, he will have compassion upon us; he will subdue our iniquities; and thou wilt cast all their sins into the depths of the sea.
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KJV Study Commentary
Continuing Micah's closing hymn: "He will turn again, he will have compassion upon us; he will subdue our iniquities; and thou wilt cast all their sins into the depths of the sea." The verb shub ("turn again") emphasizes God's returning favor. "Have compassion" (yerachamenu) uses tender mercy language. "Subdue" (yikhbosh) means conquer—God doesn't excuse sin but defeats it. "Cast into sea's depths...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**44. in the days of these kings--**in the days of these kingdoms, that is, of the last of the four. So Christianity was set up when Rome had become mistress of Judea and the world (Lu 2:1, &c.) [Newton]. Rather, "in the days of these kings," answers to "upon his feet" (Da 2:34); that is, the ten toes (Da 2:42), or ten kings, the final state of the Roman empire. For "these kings" cannot mean t...
Read full commentary →Thou wilt perform the truth to Jacob, and the mercy to Abraham, which thou hast sworn unto our fathers from the days of old.
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KJV Study Commentary
<strong>Thou wilt perform the truth to Jacob, and the mercy to Abraham, which thou hast sworn unto our fathers from the days of old.</strong> Micah concludes with triumphant confidence in God's covenant faithfulness. <strong>"Thou wilt perform the truth to Jacob"</strong> (תִּתֵּן אֱמֶת לְיַעֲקֹב, <em>titten emet le-Ya'akov</em>)—<em>emet</em> (truth, faithfulness, reliability) describes God's cov...
Read full commentary →Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers
(20) **Thou wilt perform.**—The closing words in the prophecy of Micah are gloriously taken up some centuries later by Zechariah: “As He spake by the mouth of His holy prophets, which have been since the world began: that we should be saved from our enemies, and from the hand of all that hate us, to perform the mercy promised to our fathers, and to remember His holy covenant, the oath which He swa...
Read full commentary →Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
**45. without hands--**(See on Da 2:35). The connection of the "forasmuch," &c. is, "as thou sawest that the stone," &c., this is an indication that "the great God," &c., that is, the fact of thy seeing the dreams as I have recalled it to thy recollection, is a proof that it is no airy phantom, but a real representation to these from God of the future. A similar proof of the "certainty...
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