About Ezra

Ezra records the return from exile and the rebuilding of the temple, followed by Ezra's ministry of spiritual restoration.

Author: EzraWritten: c. 450-400 BCReading time: ~4 minVerses: 28
RestorationTemple RebuildingLawPurityPrayerConfession

King James Version

Ezra 7

28 verses with commentary

Ezra Comes to Jerusalem

Now after these things, in the reign of Artaxerxes king of Persia, Ezra the son of Seraiah, the son of Azariah, the son of Hilkiah,

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KJV Study Commentary

The phrase 'Now after these things, in the reign of Artaxerxes king of Persia' marks temporal transition of approximately fifty-eight years from temple completion (516 BC) to Ezra's arrival (458 BC). Ezra's genealogy tracing to Aaron validates his priestly credentials and teaching authority. The gap between temple completion and Torah teaching shows that physical restoration precedes but doesn't g...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

**II.—THE SECOND RETURN UNDER EZRA. VII.** (1-10) A. general summary of Ezra’s expedition under Divine guidance. (1) **After these things.**—Fifty-seven years after: this special phrase is here alone used. During the interval we must place the events of the Book of Esther. **Ezra the son of Seraiah.**—His lineage is given, as frequently in Scripture, compendiously, and according to the genealogica...
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The son of Shallum, the son of Zadok, the son of Ahitub,

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>The son of Shallum, the son of Zadok, the son of Ahitub</strong>—this genealogy traces Ezra's priestly lineage backwards toward Aaron. The name <strong>Zadok</strong> (צָדוֹק) means 'righteous' and connects Ezra to the Zadokite priestly line that Solomon installed after deposing Abiathar (1 Kings 2:35). This legitimized Ezra's priestly authority, tracing to the line God designated.<br><br>...
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The son of Amariah, the son of Azariah, the son of Meraioth,

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>The son of Amariah, the son of Azariah, the son of Meraioth</strong>—continuing backwards through generations, this verse traces Ezra's ancestry through significant priestly names. <strong>Amariah</strong> (אֲמַרְיָה) means 'Yahweh has said,' emphasizing the prophetic/teaching role of priests who declared God's word. <strong>Azariah</strong> (עֲזַרְיָה, 'Yahweh has helped') and <strong>Mer...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 28 2Ch 28:1-21. Ahaz, Reigning Wickedly, Is Afflicted by the Syrians. **1-4. Ahaz was twenty years old--**(See on 2Ki 16:1-4). This prince, discarding the principles and example of his excellent father, early betrayed a strong bias to idolatry. He ruled with an arbitrary and absolute authority, and not as a theocratic sovereign: he not only forsook the temple of God, but embraced first...
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The son of Zerahiah, the son of Uzzi, the son of Bukki,

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>The son of Zerahiah, the son of Uzzi, the son of Bukki</strong>—the genealogy continues reaching back to earlier priestly generations. <strong>Zerahiah</strong> (זְרַחְיָה) means 'Yahweh has risen/shone,' suggesting divine glory and revelation. <strong>Uzzi</strong> (עֻזִּי, 'my strength') and <strong>Bukki</strong> (בֻּקִּי, 'proved' or 'waste') connect to still earlier generations servin...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 28 2Ch 28:1-21. Ahaz, Reigning Wickedly, Is Afflicted by the Syrians. **1-4. Ahaz was twenty years old--**(See on 2Ki 16:1-4). This prince, discarding the principles and example of his excellent father, early betrayed a strong bias to idolatry. He ruled with an arbitrary and absolute authority, and not as a theocratic sovereign: he not only forsook the temple of God, but embraced first...
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The son of Abishua, the son of Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the chief priest:

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>The son of Abishua, the son of Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the chief priest</strong>—the genealogy reaches its climax, connecting directly to <strong>Aaron</strong> (אַהֲרֹן), Israel's first high priest. This establishes Ezra's credentials beyond dispute. <strong>Eleazar</strong> (אֶלְעָזָר, 'God has helped') was Aaron's third son who succeeded him after Nadab and Abihu ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 28 2Ch 28:1-21. Ahaz, Reigning Wickedly, Is Afflicted by the Syrians. **1-4. Ahaz was twenty years old--**(See on 2Ki 16:1-4). This prince, discarding the principles and example of his excellent father, early betrayed a strong bias to idolatry. He ruled with an arbitrary and absolute authority, and not as a theocratic sovereign: he not only forsook the temple of God, but embraced first...
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This Ezra went up from Babylon; and he was a ready scribe in the law of Moses, which the LORD God of Israel had given: and the king granted him all his request, according to the hand of the LORD his God upon him.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>This Ezra went up from Babylon; and he was a ready scribe in the law of Moses, which the LORD God of Israel had given: and the king granted him all his request, according to the hand of the LORD his God upon him.</strong> This verse introduces Ezra, whose name means 'help' (<em>Ezra</em>, עֶזְרָא), foreshadowing his role in helping restore covenant faithfulness. The description 'ready scri...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(6) **A ready scribe.**—The “ready writer” of Psalm 45:1. Ezra was a priest, and this title is rightly placed before that of scribe in what follows; but here at the outset, when he first appears in history, the title is used which expressed his pre-eminent function, that of guarding and interpreting the law (Ezra 7:10). **All his request.**—This anticipates the letter of Ezra 7:11; a series of sup...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 28 2Ch 28:1-21. Ahaz, Reigning Wickedly, Is Afflicted by the Syrians. **1-4. Ahaz was twenty years old--**(See on 2Ki 16:1-4). This prince, discarding the principles and example of his excellent father, early betrayed a strong bias to idolatry. He ruled with an arbitrary and absolute authority, and not as a theocratic sovereign: he not only forsook the temple of God, but embraced first...
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And there went up some of the children of Israel, and of the priests, and the Levites, and the singers, and the porters, and the Nethinims, unto Jerusalem, in the seventh year of Artaxerxes the king.

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KJV Study Commentary

The list of returnees—'children of Israel, and of the priests, and the Levites, and the singers, and the porters, and the Nethinims'—shows comprehensive community representation. This wasn't just religious leaders but included temple servants, musicians, and gatekeepers. The phrase 'in the seventh year of Artaxerxes' dates the departure to 458 BC. The group's diversity demonstrates that God's work...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**5-7. the Lord ... delivered him into the hand of the king of Syria ... he was also delivered into the hand of the King of Israel--**These verses, without alluding to the formation of a confederacy between the Syrian and Israelitish kings to invade the kingdom of Judah, or relating the commencement of the war in the close of Jotham's reign (2Ki 15:37), give the issue only of some battles that wer...
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And he came to Jerusalem in the fifth month, which was in the seventh year of the king.

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KJV Study Commentary

The arrival 'in the fifth month' after departing 'on the first day of the first month' (v. 9) indicates a four-month journey. This timing demonstrates careful planning and divine protection. The journey from Babylon to Jerusalem covered approximately 900 miles through potentially hostile territory. That they arrived safely with enormous wealth testifies to God's faithfulness. The phrase 'according...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(8) **In the seventh year.**—The repeated notes of time must be marked. The journey itself comes afterwards: it is here indicated as having occupied four months. Ezra’s company also is summarised beforehand, according to the manner of this book.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**5-7. the Lord ... delivered him into the hand of the king of Syria ... he was also delivered into the hand of the King of Israel--**These verses, without alluding to the formation of a confederacy between the Syrian and Israelitish kings to invade the kingdom of Judah, or relating the commencement of the war in the close of Jotham's reign (2Ki 15:37), give the issue only of some battles that wer...
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For upon the first day of the first month began he to go up from Babylon, and on the first day of the fifth month came he to Jerusalem, according to the good hand of his God upon him. began: Heb. was the foundation of the going up

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KJV Study Commentary

The departure date—'upon the first day of the first month'—aligned with Israel's religious calendar (Nisan, the month of Passover and Exodus). This timing associated Ezra's journey with redemption theology. The arrival date—'the first day of the fifth month'—exactly four months later demonstrates both planning and providence. The statement 'according to the good hand of his God upon him' appears t...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**5-7. the Lord ... delivered him into the hand of the king of Syria ... he was also delivered into the hand of the King of Israel--**These verses, without alluding to the formation of a confederacy between the Syrian and Israelitish kings to invade the kingdom of Judah, or relating the commencement of the war in the close of Jotham's reign (2Ki 15:37), give the issue only of some battles that wer...
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For Ezra had prepared his heart to seek the law of the LORD, and to do it, and to teach in Israel statutes and judgments.

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KJV Study Commentary

Ezra's character summary: 'For Ezra had prepared his heart to seek the law of the LORD, and to do it, and to teach in Israel statutes and judgments.' The Hebrew reveals intentionality: 'hekin libbo' (he set/established his heart) in threefold commitment: (1) 'lidrosh' (to seek/study) the Torah, (2) 'la'asot' (to do/obey) it, (3) 'le-lammed' (to teach) it. This sequence matters: study precedes appl...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(10) F**or Ezra had prepared his heart.**—It must be remembered that the providence of God over him immediately precedes—not as the reward of his preparing his heart, but as the reason of it. First, he gave himself to study the law, then to practise it himself, and lastly to teach its positive statutes or ordinances and its moral judgments or precepts—a perfect description of a teacher in the cong...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**8-14. the children of Israel carried away captive of their brethren two hundred thousand--**These captives included a great number of women, boys, and girls, a circumstance which creates a presumption that the Hebrews, like other Orientals, were accompanied in the war by multitudes of non-combatants (see on Jud 4:8). The report of these "brethren," being brought as captives to Samaria, excited g...
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Artaxerxes' Letter to Ezra

Now this is the copy of the letter that the king Artaxerxes gave unto Ezra the priest, the scribe, even a scribe of the words of the commandments of the LORD, and of his statutes to Israel.

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KJV Study Commentary

The description 'this is the copy of the letter that the king Artaxerxes gave unto Ezra the priest, the scribe'—combines priestly and scribal identities. As priest, Ezra could offer sacrifices; as scribe, he could teach Torah. The following letter (vv. 12-26) in Aramaic shows official administrative language, enhancing historical credibility. Royal authorization gave Ezra both resources and author...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(11-26) Credentials and commission of Ezra. After the general statement the particulars are given, beginning with the letter of authorisation, in which we discern throughout the hand of Ezra. (11) **Even a scribe.**—In the case of Ezra *the* function of scribe was more important than that of priest. The word scribe originally meant the writer or copier of the law; but now it meant the expositor of...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**8-14. the children of Israel carried away captive of their brethren two hundred thousand--**These captives included a great number of women, boys, and girls, a circumstance which creates a presumption that the Hebrews, like other Orientals, were accompanied in the war by multitudes of non-combatants (see on Jud 4:8). The report of these "brethren," being brought as captives to Samaria, excited g...
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Artaxerxes, king of kings, unto Ezra the priest, a scribe of the law of the God of heaven, perfect peace, and at such a time. unto: or, to Ezra the priest, a perfect scribe of the law of the God of heaven, peace, etc

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KJV Study Commentary

The letter begins 'Artaxerxes, king of kings, unto Ezra the priest, a scribe of the law of the God of heaven, perfect peace, and at such a time.' The title 'king of kings' asserts Persian imperial supremacy. Addressing Ezra as 'scribe of the law of the God of heaven' shows royal recognition of his religious authority. The greeting 'perfect peace' (<em>gemar</em> in Aramaic) expresses complete well...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(12) **Artaxerxes, king of kings.**—Artachshatra in Persian, Artachshasta in Hebrew. The Persian monarchs inherited the title here given from the Babylonians (Daniel 2:37). It is not used by the historian, only by the king himself. **Perfect peace, and at such a time.**—Literally, *perfect, and so forth.* The expression occurs only here, and is a difficult one. Our translation follows the apocryph...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**8-14. the children of Israel carried away captive of their brethren two hundred thousand--**These captives included a great number of women, boys, and girls, a circumstance which creates a presumption that the Hebrews, like other Orientals, were accompanied in the war by multitudes of non-combatants (see on Jud 4:8). The report of these "brethren," being brought as captives to Samaria, excited g...
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I make a decree, that all they of the people of Israel, and of his priests and Levites, in my realm, which are minded of their own freewill to go up to Jerusalem, go with thee.

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KJV Study Commentary

The decree—'I make a decree, that all they of the people of Israel, and of his priests and Levites, in my realm, which are minded of their free will to go up to Jerusalem, go with thee'—grants permission for voluntary emigration. The phrase 'of their free will' emphasizes that participation must be voluntary, not coerced. This respects human agency while providing divine authorization and imperial...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**8-14. the children of Israel carried away captive of their brethren two hundred thousand--**These captives included a great number of women, boys, and girls, a circumstance which creates a presumption that the Hebrews, like other Orientals, were accompanied in the war by multitudes of non-combatants (see on Jud 4:8). The report of these "brethren," being brought as captives to Samaria, excited g...
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Forasmuch as thou art sent of the king, and of his seven counsellors, to enquire concerning Judah and Jerusalem, according to the law of thy God which is in thine hand; of the king: Chaldee, from before the king

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Forasmuch as thou art sent of the king, and of his seven counsellors, to enquire concerning Judah and Jerusalem, according to the law of thy God which is in thine hand.</strong> This verse reveals Ezra's royal commission from Artaxerxes I. The phrase <strong>sent of the king</strong> uses Aramaic <em>shelach</em> (שְׁלִיחַ), indicating official ambassadorial status—Ezra traveled as the kin...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(14) **Seven counsellors.**—These are mentioned in Esther 1:14, and were probably the heads of those families who aided Darius Hystaspis against the pseudo-Smerdis, as mentioned by Herodotus. **According to the law of thy God.**—Ezra’s commission was first to enquire into the condition of the city and province, with regard to the relation of both to the Divine law.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**8-14. the children of Israel carried away captive of their brethren two hundred thousand--**These captives included a great number of women, boys, and girls, a circumstance which creates a presumption that the Hebrews, like other Orientals, were accompanied in the war by multitudes of non-combatants (see on Jud 4:8). The report of these "brethren," being brought as captives to Samaria, excited g...
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And to carry the silver and gold, which the king and his counsellors have freely offered unto the God of Israel, whose habitation is in Jerusalem,

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KJV Study Commentary

The financial provision—'And to carry the silver and gold, which the king and his counsellors have freely offered unto the God of Israel, whose habitation is in Jerusalem'—shows Persian treasury funding temple worship. The phrase 'freely offered' indicates voluntary gift beyond required tribute. The identification 'God of Israel, whose habitation is in Jerusalem' acknowledges Yahweh's particular r...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**8-14. the children of Israel carried away captive of their brethren two hundred thousand--**These captives included a great number of women, boys, and girls, a circumstance which creates a presumption that the Hebrews, like other Orientals, were accompanied in the war by multitudes of non-combatants (see on Jud 4:8). The report of these "brethren," being brought as captives to Samaria, excited g...
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And all the silver and gold that thou canst find in all the province of Babylon, with the freewill offering of the people, and of the priests, offering willingly for the house of their God which is in Jerusalem:

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KJV Study Commentary

Additional provision—'And all the silver and gold that thou canst find in all the province of Babylon, with the freewill offering of the people, and of the priests, offering willingly for the house of their God which is in Jerusalem'—combines imperial gifts with voluntary offerings. The phrase 'all the silver and gold that thou canst find' suggests comprehensive collection. The distinction between...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(16) **Which is in Jerusalem.**—The repetition of this and similar phrases is after the manner of the literature of this period; but here, as in some other places, it implies deep reverence.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**8-14. the children of Israel carried away captive of their brethren two hundred thousand--**These captives included a great number of women, boys, and girls, a circumstance which creates a presumption that the Hebrews, like other Orientals, were accompanied in the war by multitudes of non-combatants (see on Jud 4:8). The report of these "brethren," being brought as captives to Samaria, excited g...
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That thou mayest buy speedily with this money bullocks, rams, lambs, with their meat offerings and their drink offerings, and offer them upon the altar of the house of your God which is in Jerusalem.

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KJV Study Commentary

The expenditure guidance—'That thou mayest buy speedily with this money bullocks, rams, lambs, with their meat offerings and their drink offerings, and offer them upon the altar of the house of your God which is in Jerusalem'—specifies proper use of funds. The word 'speedily' suggests urgency in establishing proper worship. The detailed list (bullocks, rams, lambs, grain and drink offerings) corre...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(17) **Buy speedily.**—Provide *first of all* for the sacrificial ceremonial. Every sacrifice had its own meat-offerings and drink-offerings (Numbers 15). These phrases in the commission of course Ezra dictated.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**15. the men which were expressed by name rose up--**These were either the "heads of the children of Ephraim" (mentioned 2Ch 28:12), or some other leading individuals chosen for the benevolent office. Under their kindly superintendence, the prisoners were not only released, but out of the spoils were comfortably relieved with food and clothing, and conveyed as far as Jericho on their way back to ...
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And whatsoever shall seem good to thee, and to thy brethren, to do with the rest of the silver and the gold, that do after the will of your God.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And whatsoever shall seem good to thee, and to thy brethren, to do with the rest of the silver and the gold, that do after the will of your God.</strong> Artaxerxes grants remarkable discretion regarding surplus funds. The phrase <strong>seem good</strong> translates Aramaic <em>yitav</em> (יִיטַב), indicating wise judgment and discretionary authority. The king trusted Ezra and the priestl...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(18) **The rest** **. . .**—This clause of large latitude would be of great importance for the general beautify. ing of the Temple (Ezra 7:27).

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**16. At that time did king Ahaz send unto the kings of Assyria--**"kings," the plural for the singular, which is found in many ancient versions. "At that time," refers to the period of Ahaz' great distress, when, after a succession of defeats, he retreated within the walls of Jerusalem. Either in the same or a subsequent campaign, the Syrian and Israelitish allies marched there to besiege him (se...
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The vessels also that are given thee for the service of the house of thy God, those deliver thou before the God of Jerusalem.

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KJV Study Commentary

The vessel provision—'The vessels also that are given thee for the service of the house of thy God, those deliver thou before the God of Jerusalem'—provides implements for temple worship. The phrase 'deliver thou before the God of Jerusalem' indicates formal presentation in temple. These vessels, though provided by Persia, would serve Yahweh exclusively. The identification 'God of Jerusalem' empha...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(19) **The vessels.**—Offered (see Ezra 8:25) to be added to those sent up by Zerubbabel.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**17. again the Edomites had come and smitten Judah--**This invasion must have been after Rezin (at the beginning of the recent Syro-Israelitish war), had released that people from the yoke of Judah (2Ch 15:11; compare 2Ki 16:6).

And whatsoever more shall be needful for the house of thy God, which thou shalt have occasion to bestow, bestow it out of the king's treasure house.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And whatsoever more shall be needful for the house of thy God, which thou shalt have occasion to bestow, bestow it out of the king's treasure house.</strong> This verse represents blank-check authorization. The Aramaic <em>shear</em> (שְׁאָר, 'remainder/what is needed') covers unforeseen expenses. <strong>Needful for the house of thy God</strong> establishes broad category—anything legitim...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(20) **Out of the king’s treasure house.**—Every satrap had his local treasury. The decree gives Ezra very large powers, but the following verses add a measure of qualification.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**18. Gederoth--**on the Philistine frontier (Jos 15:41). **Shocho--**or Socoh (Jos 15:35), now Shuweikeh, a town in the Valley of Judah (see on 1Sa 17:1). **Gimzo--**now Jimza, a little east of Ludd (Lydda) [Robinson]. All these disasters, by which the "Lord brought Judah low," were because of Ahaz, king of Israel (Judah), see 2Ch 21:2; 24:16; 28:27, who made Judah naked, and transgressed sor...
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And I, even I Artaxerxes the king, do make a decree to all the treasurers which are beyond the river, that whatsoever Ezra the priest, the scribe of the law of the God of heaven, shall require of you, it be done speedily,

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KJV Study Commentary

Artaxerxes' decree to treasurers—'I, even I Artaxerxes the king, do make a decree to all the treasurers which are beyond the river, that whatsoever Ezra the priest, the scribe of the law of the God of heaven, shall require of you, it be done speedily'—commands provincial officials to supply Ezra's needs. The emphatic 'I, even I' asserts personal royal authority. The command for speedy compliance p...
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Unto an hundred talents of silver, and to an hundred measures of wheat, and to an hundred baths of wine, and to an hundred baths of oil, and salt without prescribing how much. measures: Chaldee, cors

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KJV Study Commentary

The limits set—'Unto an hundred talents of silver, and to an hundred measures of wheat, and to an hundred baths of wine, and to an hundred baths of oil, and salt without prescribing how much'—provide substantial but bounded resources. One talent equals approximately 75 pounds; 100 talents of silver represents enormous wealth. The phrase 'salt without prescribing how much' allows unlimited provisio...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(22) **Unto an hundred talents of silver** **. . .**—A certain restriction is laid upon the amount, although the very restriction seems almost indefinite. The silver might reach £24,000 sterling. As to the rest, Palestine abounded in these productions, which were regularly remitted to the king’s service. Salt especially was plentiful near the Dead Sea.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**20. Tilgath-pilneser ... distressed him, but strengthened him not--**that is, notwithstanding the temporary relief which Tilgath-pilneser afforded him by the conquest of Damascus and the slaughter of Rezin (2Ki 16:9), little advantage resulted from it, for Tilgath-pilneser spent the winter in voluptuous revelry at Damascus; and the connection formed with the Assyrian king was eventually a source...
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Whatsoever is commanded by the God of heaven, let it be diligently done for the house of the God of heaven: for why should there be wrath against the realm of the king and his sons? Whatsoever: Chaldee, Whatsoever is of the decree

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Whatsoever is commanded by the God of heaven, let it be diligently done for the house of the God of heaven: for why should there be wrath against the realm of the king and his sons?</strong> Artaxerxes' decree shows remarkable theological awareness, acknowledging 'the God of heaven' and His authority to command. The phrase 'let it be diligently done' (<em>asqarna yitabed</em>) means 'zealo...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(23) **Whatsoever is commanded by the God of heaven.**—The last is the strongest ground for such an ample authorisation. In the solemn and devout firman the phrase “the God of heaven” occurs twice, and the Persian prince deprecates His wrath. In this seventh year of Artaxerxes, B.C. 458, the tide of success turned for Persia against the Athenians in Egypt. **And his sons.**—Though Artaxerxes Longi...
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Also we certify you, that touching any of the priests and Levites, singers, porters, Nethinims, or ministers of this house of God, it shall not be lawful to impose toll, tribute, or custom, upon them.

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KJV Study Commentary

The tax exemption—'Also we certify you, that touching any of the priests and Levites, singers, porters, Nethinims, or ministers of this house of God, it shall not be lawful to impose toll, tribute, or custom, upon them'—exempts temple personnel from imperial taxation. This financial relief enabled full-time ministry without secular employment necessity. The comprehensive list shows no temple serva...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(24) **We certify you.**—The exemption of so large a number as the entire ministry of the Temple from all kinds of taxation is emphatically introduced.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**22. in the time of his distress did he trespass yet more against the Lord--**This infatuated king surrendered himself to the influence of idolatry and exerted his royal authority to extend it, with the intensity of a passion--with the ignorance and servile fear of a heathen (2Ch 28:23) and a ruthless defiance of God (see on 2Ki 16:10-20).

And thou, Ezra, after the wisdom of thy God, that is in thine hand, set magistrates and judges, which may judge all the people that are beyond the river, all such as know the laws of thy God; and teach ye them that know them not.

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KJV Study Commentary

The judicial authority—'And thou, Ezra, after the wisdom of thy God, that is in thine hand, set magistrates and judges, which may judge all the people that are beyond the river'—grants legal authority to establish courts. The phrase 'wisdom of thy God' refers to Torah as divine law code. Ezra could appoint judges applying biblical law to covenant community. This civil authority enabled comprehensi...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(25) **All such as know.**—The firman, or king’s commission, returning directly to Ezra, makes him supreme in the province over *the* Jewish population. **And teach ye them that know them not.**—That is, those Jews who had comparatively forsaken the law. Here he has absolute authority in religion.

And whosoever will not do the law of thy God, and the law of the king, let judgment be executed speedily upon him, whether it be unto death, or to banishment, or to confiscation of goods, or to imprisonment. to banishment: Chaldee, to rooting out

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KJV Study Commentary

The enforcement authority—'And whosoever will not do the law of thy God, and the law of the king, let judgment be executed speedily upon him, whether it be unto death, or to banishment, or to confiscation of goods, or to imprisonment'—provides punitive power. The pairing 'law of thy God, and the law of the king' equates Torah and imperial law, giving biblical commands legal force. The severe penal...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(26) **Let judgment be executed speedily upon him.**—Hence civil authority is added to religious. All these powers were usually entrusted to the provincial administrators, with more or less of reservation, by the Persians. But it is obvious that their combination in the one person of this servant of Tehovah demanded express statement.

Ezra Praises God

Blessed be the LORD God of our fathers, which hath put such a thing as this in the king's heart, to beautify the house of the LORD which is in Jerusalem:

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Blessed be the LORD God of our fathers, which hath put such a thing as this in the king's heart, to beautify the house of the LORD which is in Jerusalem:</strong> Ezra's doxology attributes Artaxerxes' generous decree entirely to divine action. The phrase 'which hath put such a thing as this in the king's heart' uses the verb <em>natan</em> (נָתַן, 'put' or 'placed'), indicating God's dire...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(27) **Blessed be the Lord God.**—This is the solitary expression of Ezra’s private devotion; and it is incorporated with his record in so artless a manner as to confirm the impression that the whole narrative is from his hand. This sudden ejaculatory thanksgiving, in the midst of his narrative, reminds us of Nehemiah’s habit. **To beautify.**—A general term, signifying all that belonged to the re...
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And hath extended mercy unto me before the king, and his counsellors, and before all the king's mighty princes. And I was strengthened as the hand of the LORD my God was upon me, and I gathered together out of Israel chief men to go up with me.

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KJV Study Commentary

Ezra's doxology continues: 'and hath extended mercy unto me before the king, and his counsellors, and before all the king's mighty princes.' The term <em>chesed</em> (mercy/steadfast love) is God's covenant faithfulness. Ezra experienced this concretely—'before the king' in personal audience, and 'before all the king's mighty princes' in governmental circles. The response combines divine confidenc...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(28) **And hath extended mercy unto me.**—The honour done to himself before the council of Persia he ascribes to the mercy of God. Once more we have an anticipation of the journey, with a parenthesis intervening. Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers Text Courtesy of BibleSupport.com. Used by Permission. Bible Hub

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