About Deuteronomy

Deuteronomy contains Moses' final addresses to Israel, restating the Law and calling the new generation to covenant faithfulness.

Author: MosesWritten: c. 1406 BCReading time: ~2 minVerses: 19
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King James Version

Deuteronomy 26

19 verses with commentary

Firstfruits and Tithes

And it shall be, when thou art come in unto the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance, and possessest it, and dwellest therein;

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>When thou art come in unto the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee for an inheritance, and possessest it, and dwellest therein</strong>—the temporal clause <em>ki tavo</em> ("when you come in") assumes covenant faithfulness will result in land possession. The threefold progression—<em>yarashta</em> (possess), <em>yashavta</em> (dwell)—moves from military conquest to settled habitation,...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

**XXVI.** Deuteronomy 26:1-11. **PRESENTATION OF THE FIRST FRUITS.** (1) **When thou art come in.**—Rashi says they were not bound to the discharge of this duty until they had conquered and divided the land. But the state of things described in the Book of Joshua (Joshua 21:43-45) would demand it. From the words of Deuteronomy 26:11, “thou shalt rejoice,” the Jews gather that the thanksgiving to b...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 26 Chapter Outline Confession in offering the first-fruits. (1-11) The prayer after disposal of the third year's tithe.(12-15) The covenant between God and the people.(16-19) **Verses 1-11** When God has made good his promises to us, he expects we should own it to the honour of his faithfulness. And our creature comforts are doubly sweet, when we see them flowing ...
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That thou shalt take of the first of all the fruit of the earth, which thou shalt bring of thy land that the LORD thy God giveth thee, and shalt put it in a basket, and shalt go unto the place which the LORD thy God shall choose to place his name there.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Thou shalt take of the first of all the fruit of the earth</strong> (<em>reshit kol-peri ha'adamah</em>)—not merely <em>some</em> firstfruits but <em>from the first</em>, the choicest portion. The Hebrew <em>reshit</em> carries priority and preeminence; offering firstfruits acknowledges God's ownership and tests whether Israel trusts Him for continued provision. To consume the harvest befo...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**6-8. if a Levite ... come with all the desire of his mind--**It appears that the Levites served in rotation from the earliest times; but, from their great numbers, it was only at infrequent intervals they could be called into actual service. Should any Levite, however, under the influence of eminent piety, resolve to devote himself wholly and continually to the sacred duties of the sanctuary, he...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 26 Chapter Outline Confession in offering the first-fruits. (1-11) The prayer after disposal of the third year's tithe.(12-15) The covenant between God and the people.(16-19) **Verses 1-11** When God has made good his promises to us, he expects we should own it to the honour of his faithfulness. And our creature comforts are doubly sweet, when we see them flowing ...
Read full commentary →

And thou shalt go unto the priest that shall be in those days, and say unto him, I profess this day unto the LORD thy God, that I am come unto the country which the LORD sware unto our fathers for to give us.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>I profess this day unto the LORD thy God, that I am come unto the country which the LORD sware unto our fathers for to give us</strong>—the Hebrew <em>higgadti</em> ("I profess/declare") makes the offering an act of public testimony. This isn't silent ritual but verbal confession acknowledging God's covenant faithfulness. The declaration connects present blessing to ancestral promise, root...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**6-8. if a Levite ... come with all the desire of his mind--**It appears that the Levites served in rotation from the earliest times; but, from their great numbers, it was only at infrequent intervals they could be called into actual service. Should any Levite, however, under the influence of eminent piety, resolve to devote himself wholly and continually to the sacred duties of the sanctuary, he...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 26 Chapter Outline Confession in offering the first-fruits. (1-11) The prayer after disposal of the third year's tithe.(12-15) The covenant between God and the people.(16-19) **Verses 1-11** When God has made good his promises to us, he expects we should own it to the honour of his faithfulness. And our creature comforts are doubly sweet, when we see them flowing ...
Read full commentary →

And the priest shall take the basket out of thine hand, and set it down before the altar of the LORD thy God.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>The priest shall take the basket out of thine hand, and set it down before the altar of the LORD thy God</strong>—the transfer from worshiper to priest symbolizes the offering's acceptance. The priest doesn't consume it immediately but <strong>sets it down before the altar</strong> (<em>hinnicho lifnei mizbach YHWH</em>), formally presenting it to God. This choreography emphasizes that off...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**6-8. if a Levite ... come with all the desire of his mind--**It appears that the Levites served in rotation from the earliest times; but, from their great numbers, it was only at infrequent intervals they could be called into actual service. Should any Levite, however, under the influence of eminent piety, resolve to devote himself wholly and continually to the sacred duties of the sanctuary, he...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 26 Chapter Outline Confession in offering the first-fruits. (1-11) The prayer after disposal of the third year's tithe.(12-15) The covenant between God and the people.(16-19) **Verses 1-11** When God has made good his promises to us, he expects we should own it to the honour of his faithfulness. And our creature comforts are doubly sweet, when we see them flowing ...
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And thou shalt speak and say before the LORD thy God, A Syrian ready to perish was my father, and he went down into Egypt, and sojourned there with a few, and became there a nation, great, mighty, and populous:

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KJV Study Commentary

The firstfruits confession begins: 'And thou shalt speak and say before the LORD thy God, A Syrian ready to perish was my father, and he went down into Egypt, and sojourned there with a few, and became there a nation, great, mighty, and populous.' This credal statement rehearses Israel's history from Abraham/Jacob ('Syrian'—referring to Paddan Aram origin) through Egyptian sojourn to nationhood. T...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

De 18:9-14. The Abominations of the Nations Are to Be Avoided. **9-14. thou shalt not learn to do after the abominations of those nations--**(See on Le 18:21; Le 19:26; Le 19:31; Le 20:4). In spite of this express command, the people of Canaan, especially the Philistines, were a constant snare and stumbling block to the Israelites, on account of their divinations and superstitious practices.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 26 Chapter Outline Confession in offering the first-fruits. (1-11) The prayer after disposal of the third year's tithe.(12-15) The covenant between God and the people.(16-19) **Verses 1-11** When God has made good his promises to us, he expects we should own it to the honour of his faithfulness. And our creature comforts are doubly sweet, when we see them flowing ...
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And the Egyptians evil entreated us, and afflicted us, and laid upon us hard bondage:

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>The Egyptians evil entreated us, and afflicted us, and laid upon us hard bondage</strong>—the firstfruits liturgy shifts from present blessing to past suffering, reciting salvation history. The threefold Hebrew intensification—<em>vayare'u</em> (dealt harshly), <em>vayannunu</em> (afflicted), <em>vayyitnu avodah qashah</em> (imposed hard labor)—recalls Exodus 1:11-14's account of Egyptian ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

De 18:9-14. The Abominations of the Nations Are to Be Avoided. **9-14. thou shalt not learn to do after the abominations of those nations--**(See on Le 18:21; Le 19:26; Le 19:31; Le 20:4). In spite of this express command, the people of Canaan, especially the Philistines, were a constant snare and stumbling block to the Israelites, on account of their divinations and superstitious practices.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 26 Chapter Outline Confession in offering the first-fruits. (1-11) The prayer after disposal of the third year's tithe.(12-15) The covenant between God and the people.(16-19) **Verses 1-11** When God has made good his promises to us, he expects we should own it to the honour of his faithfulness. And our creature comforts are doubly sweet, when we see them flowing ...
Read full commentary →

And when we cried unto the LORD God of our fathers, the LORD heard our voice, and looked on our affliction, and our labour, and our oppression:

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>When we cried unto the LORD God of our fathers, the LORD heard our voice</strong>—the liturgy emphasizes that deliverance began with Israel's cry (<em>nitzaq</em>, a desperate outcry), not their merit. The doubling of the divine name (<em>YHWH Elohei avoteinu... YHWH</em>) stresses covenant continuity: the God who heard is the same God who made promises to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Their ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

De 18:9-14. The Abominations of the Nations Are to Be Avoided. **9-14. thou shalt not learn to do after the abominations of those nations--**(See on Le 18:21; Le 19:26; Le 19:31; Le 20:4). In spite of this express command, the people of Canaan, especially the Philistines, were a constant snare and stumbling block to the Israelites, on account of their divinations and superstitious practices.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 26 Chapter Outline Confession in offering the first-fruits. (1-11) The prayer after disposal of the third year's tithe.(12-15) The covenant between God and the people.(16-19) **Verses 1-11** When God has made good his promises to us, he expects we should own it to the honour of his faithfulness. And our creature comforts are doubly sweet, when we see them flowing ...
Read full commentary →

And the LORD brought us forth out of Egypt with a mighty hand, and with an outstretched arm, and with great terribleness, and with signs, and with wonders:

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>The LORD brought us forth out of Egypt with a mighty hand, and with an outstretched arm, and with great terribleness, and with signs, and with wonders</strong>—the liturgy climaxes with God's powerful deliverance. The fourfold description emphasizes comprehensive divine intervention: <em>beyad chazaqah</em> (mighty/strong hand), <em>bizroa netuyah</em> (outstretched arm), <em>uvemora gadol...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

De 18:9-14. The Abominations of the Nations Are to Be Avoided. **9-14. thou shalt not learn to do after the abominations of those nations--**(See on Le 18:21; Le 19:26; Le 19:31; Le 20:4). In spite of this express command, the people of Canaan, especially the Philistines, were a constant snare and stumbling block to the Israelites, on account of their divinations and superstitious practices.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 26 Chapter Outline Confession in offering the first-fruits. (1-11) The prayer after disposal of the third year's tithe.(12-15) The covenant between God and the people.(16-19) **Verses 1-11** When God has made good his promises to us, he expects we should own it to the honour of his faithfulness. And our creature comforts are doubly sweet, when we see them flowing ...
Read full commentary →

And he hath brought us into this place, and hath given us this land, even a land that floweth with milk and honey.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>He hath brought us into this place, and hath given us this land, even a land that floweth with milk and honey</strong>—the liturgy concludes by connecting exodus deliverance to Canaan possession. The verb <em>hevi'anu</em> ("He brought us") attributes the conquest entirely to God's action, not Israel's military prowess. The perfect tense indicates completed action from Moses's perspective ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

De 18:9-14. The Abominations of the Nations Are to Be Avoided. **9-14. thou shalt not learn to do after the abominations of those nations--**(See on Le 18:21; Le 19:26; Le 19:31; Le 20:4). In spite of this express command, the people of Canaan, especially the Philistines, were a constant snare and stumbling block to the Israelites, on account of their divinations and superstitious practices.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 26 Chapter Outline Confession in offering the first-fruits. (1-11) The prayer after disposal of the third year's tithe.(12-15) The covenant between God and the people.(16-19) **Verses 1-11** When God has made good his promises to us, he expects we should own it to the honour of his faithfulness. And our creature comforts are doubly sweet, when we see them flowing ...
Read full commentary →

And now, behold, I have brought the firstfruits of the land, which thou, O LORD, hast given me. And thou shalt set it before the LORD thy God, and worship before the LORD thy God:

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And now, behold, I have brought the firstfruits of the land, which thou, O LORD, hast given me.</strong> This declaration forms the culminating act of the firstfruits offering, a liturgical ritual prescribed in Deuteronomy 26:1-11. The Hebrew word <em>bikkurim</em> (בִּכּוּרִים, "firstfruits") refers to the initial and best portion of the harvest, acknowledging God as the ultimate source o...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

De 18:9-14. The Abominations of the Nations Are to Be Avoided. **9-14. thou shalt not learn to do after the abominations of those nations--**(See on Le 18:21; Le 19:26; Le 19:31; Le 20:4). In spite of this express command, the people of Canaan, especially the Philistines, were a constant snare and stumbling block to the Israelites, on account of their divinations and superstitious practices.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 26 Chapter Outline Confession in offering the first-fruits. (1-11) The prayer after disposal of the third year's tithe.(12-15) The covenant between God and the people.(16-19) **Verses 1-11** When God has made good his promises to us, he expects we should own it to the honour of his faithfulness. And our creature comforts are doubly sweet, when we see them flowing ...
Read full commentary →

And thou shalt rejoice in every good thing which the LORD thy God hath given unto thee, and unto thine house, thou, and the Levite, and the stranger that is among you.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And thou shalt rejoice in every good thing which the LORD thy God hath given unto thee, and unto thine house</strong>—the climax of the firstfruits ceremony (26:1-11), commanding joy as religious duty. The Hebrew <em>samachta</em> (שָׂמַחְתָּ) means to rejoice, be glad, celebrate. This wasn't mere emotion but covenantal celebration recognizing God as the source of <strong>every good thing<...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

De 18:15-19. Christ the Prophet Is to Be Heard. **15-19. The Lord thy God will raise up unto thee a prophet--**The insertion of this promise, in connection with the preceding prohibition, might warrant the application (which some make of it) to that order of true prophets whom God commissioned in unbroken succession to instruct, to direct, and warn His people; and in this view the purport of it i...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 26 Chapter Outline Confession in offering the first-fruits. (1-11) The prayer after disposal of the third year's tithe.(12-15) The covenant between God and the people.(16-19) **Verses 1-11** When God has made good his promises to us, he expects we should own it to the honour of his faithfulness. And our creature comforts are doubly sweet, when we see them flowing ...
Read full commentary →

When thou hast made an end of tithing all the tithes of thine increase the third year, which is the year of tithing, and hast given it unto the Levite, the stranger, the fatherless, and the widow, that they may eat within thy gates, and be filled;

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>When thou hast made an end of tithing all the tithes of thine increase the third year, which is the year of tithing</strong>—referring to the special third-year tithe described in Deuteronomy 14:28-29. Besides the regular Levitical tithe (Numbers 18:21-24) and festival tithe (Deuteronomy 14:22-27), every third year required an additional tithe stored locally. <strong>And hast given it unto...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

Deuteronomy 26:12-15. **DECLARATION OF THE TITHE.** (12) **When thou hast made an end.**—The time fixed for making the confession prescribed in Deuteronomy 26:13-15, according to Jewish usage, was the Passover-eve of the fourth year, i.e., the first feast after the completion of the year of tithing. It would seem that something was still to be gathered from the trees after the Feast of Tabernacles...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

De 18:15-19. Christ the Prophet Is to Be Heard. **15-19. The Lord thy God will raise up unto thee a prophet--**The insertion of this promise, in connection with the preceding prohibition, might warrant the application (which some make of it) to that order of true prophets whom God commissioned in unbroken succession to instruct, to direct, and warn His people; and in this view the purport of it i...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 12-15** How should the earth yield its increase, or, if it does, what comfort can we take in it, unless therewith our God gives us his blessing? All this represented the covenant relation between a reconciled God and every true believer, and the privileges and duties belonging to it. We must be watchful, and show that according to the covenant of grace in Christ Jesus, the Lord is our...
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Then thou shalt say before the LORD thy God, I have brought away the hallowed things out of mine house, and also have given them unto the Levite, and unto the stranger, to the fatherless, and to the widow, according to all thy commandments which thou hast commanded me: I have not transgressed thy commandments, neither have I forgotten them:

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then thou shalt say before the LORD thy God</strong>—after distributing the third-year tithe, the worshiper made formal declaration in God's presence, probably at the sanctuary. <strong>I have brought away the hallowed things out of mine house</strong>—the Hebrew <em>bi'arti ha-qodesh</em> (בִּעַרְתִּי הַקֹּדֶשׁ) means 'I have removed the holy portion,' referring to the consecrated tithe. ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

De 18:15-19. Christ the Prophet Is to Be Heard. **15-19. The Lord thy God will raise up unto thee a prophet--**The insertion of this promise, in connection with the preceding prohibition, might warrant the application (which some make of it) to that order of true prophets whom God commissioned in unbroken succession to instruct, to direct, and warn His people; and in this view the purport of it i...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 12-15** How should the earth yield its increase, or, if it does, what comfort can we take in it, unless therewith our God gives us his blessing? All this represented the covenant relation between a reconciled God and every true believer, and the privileges and duties belonging to it. We must be watchful, and show that according to the covenant of grace in Christ Jesus, the Lord is our...
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I have not eaten thereof in my mourning, neither have I taken away ought thereof for any unclean use, nor given ought thereof for the dead: but I have hearkened to the voice of the LORD my God, and have done according to all that thou hast commanded me.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>I have not eaten thereof in my mourning</strong>—the tithe wasn't consumed during ritual uncleanness associated with mourning the dead (contact with corpses caused temporary uncleanness, Numbers 19:11-22). <strong>Neither have I taken away ought thereof for any unclean use</strong>—no portion was diverted to profane purposes or handled in ceremonially unclean states. <strong>Nor given ough...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

De 18:15-19. Christ the Prophet Is to Be Heard. **15-19. The Lord thy God will raise up unto thee a prophet--**The insertion of this promise, in connection with the preceding prohibition, might warrant the application (which some make of it) to that order of true prophets whom God commissioned in unbroken succession to instruct, to direct, and warn His people; and in this view the purport of it i...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 12-15** How should the earth yield its increase, or, if it does, what comfort can we take in it, unless therewith our God gives us his blessing? All this represented the covenant relation between a reconciled God and every true believer, and the privileges and duties belonging to it. We must be watchful, and show that according to the covenant of grace in Christ Jesus, the Lord is our...
Read full commentary →

Look down from thy holy habitation, from heaven, and bless thy people Israel, and the land which thou hast given us, as thou swarest unto our fathers, a land that floweth with milk and honey.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Look down from thy holy habitation, from heaven, and bless thy people Israel</strong>—after declaring obedience (26:13-14), the worshiper prayed for divine blessing. The phrase <em>hashqifah mi-me'on qodshekha</em> (הַשְׁקִיפָה מִמְּעוֹן קָדְשְׁךָ) invites God to observe from His heavenly dwelling, similar to Isaiah 63:15. The prayer presumes obedience creates basis for requesting blessing...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

De 18:15-19. Christ the Prophet Is to Be Heard. **15-19. The Lord thy God will raise up unto thee a prophet--**The insertion of this promise, in connection with the preceding prohibition, might warrant the application (which some make of it) to that order of true prophets whom God commissioned in unbroken succession to instruct, to direct, and warn His people; and in this view the purport of it i...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 12-15** How should the earth yield its increase, or, if it does, what comfort can we take in it, unless therewith our God gives us his blessing? All this represented the covenant relation between a reconciled God and every true believer, and the privileges and duties belonging to it. We must be watchful, and show that according to the covenant of grace in Christ Jesus, the Lord is our...
Read full commentary →

Call to Obedience

This day the LORD thy God hath commanded thee to do these statutes and judgments: thou shalt therefore keep and do them with all thine heart, and with all thy soul.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>This day the LORD thy God hath commanded thee to do these statutes and judgments</strong>—Moses transitions from specific laws to summary exhortation. <em>Ha-yom hazeh</em> (הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה, 'this day') emphasizes immediacy and urgency—the covenant is now, requiring present decision. <strong>Thou shalt therefore keep and do them with all thine heart, and with all thy soul</strong>—obedience...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

Deuteronomy 26:16-19. **CLOSE OF THE EXHORTATION.** (16) **This day the Lord thy God hath commanded thee.**—These words are not to be taken as part of the service described in the previous verses, but as the words of Moses in bringing his exhortation to a close. Rashi says, “Every day these commandments shall be new before thine eyes, as though on that very day thou hadst received them.” **Thou sh...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 16-19** Moses here enforces the precepts. They are God's laws, therefore thou shalt do them, to that end were they given thee; do them, and dispute them not; do them, and draw not back; do them, not carelessly and hypocritically, but with thy heart and soul, thy whole heart and thy whole soul. We forswear ourselves, and break the most sacred engagement, if, when we have taken the Lord...
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Thou hast avouched the LORD this day to be thy God, and to walk in his ways, and to keep his statutes, and his commandments, and his judgments, and to hearken unto his voice:

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Thou hast avouched the LORD this day to be thy God</strong>—the rare Hebrew verb <em>he'emarta</em> (הֶאֱמַרְתָּ) means to declare, affirm solemnly, or pledge. This verse and the next (26:17-18) form a bilateral covenant declaration: Israel affirms Yahweh as their God; Yahweh affirms Israel as His people. <strong>And to walk in his ways, and to keep his statutes, and his commandments, and ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 16-19** Moses here enforces the precepts. They are God's laws, therefore thou shalt do them, to that end were they given thee; do them, and dispute them not; do them, and draw not back; do them, not carelessly and hypocritically, but with thy heart and soul, thy whole heart and thy whole soul. We forswear ourselves, and break the most sacred engagement, if, when we have taken the Lord...
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And the LORD hath avouched thee this day to be his peculiar people, as he hath promised thee, and that thou shouldest keep all his commandments;

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And the LORD hath avouched thee this day to be his peculiar people</strong>—God's reciprocal declaration, using the same verb <em>he'emircha</em> (הֶאֱמִֽירְךָ). <strong>Peculiar people</strong> translates Hebrew <em>am segulah</em> (עַם סְגֻלָּה), meaning treasured possession, prized property, or special treasure (see also Exodus 19:5, Deuteronomy 7:6, 14:2). <strong>As he hath promised t...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 16-19** Moses here enforces the precepts. They are God's laws, therefore thou shalt do them, to that end were they given thee; do them, and dispute them not; do them, and draw not back; do them, not carelessly and hypocritically, but with thy heart and soul, thy whole heart and thy whole soul. We forswear ourselves, and break the most sacred engagement, if, when we have taken the Lord...
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And to make thee high above all nations which he hath made, in praise, and in name, and in honour; and that thou mayest be an holy people unto the LORD thy God, as he hath spoken.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And to make thee high above all nations which he hath made</strong>—God's purpose for Israel was exaltation among nations, not political dominance but moral and spiritual preeminence. <strong>In praise, and in name, and in honour</strong>—the Hebrew <em>lit-hilah, ul-shem, ul-tif'arah</em> (לִתְהִלָּה וּלְשֵׁם וּלְתִפְאָרָה) means for praise, for fame/reputation, and for beauty/glory. Isra...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 16-19** Moses here enforces the precepts. They are God's laws, therefore thou shalt do them, to that end were they given thee; do them, and dispute them not; do them, and draw not back; do them, not carelessly and hypocritically, but with thy heart and soul, thy whole heart and thy whole soul. We forswear ourselves, and break the most sacred engagement, if, when we have taken the Lord...
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