King James Version

What Does Deuteronomy 26:16 Mean?

Deuteronomy 26:16 in the King James Version says “This day the LORD thy God hath commanded thee to do these statutes and judgments: thou shalt therefore keep and do them ... — study this verse from Deuteronomy chapter 26 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

This day the LORD thy God hath commanded thee to do these statutes and judgments: thou shalt therefore keep and do them with all thine heart, and with all thy soul.

Deuteronomy 26:16 · KJV


Context

14

I have not eaten thereof in my mourning, neither have I taken away ought thereof for any unclean use, nor given ought thereof for the dead: but I have hearkened to the voice of the LORD my God, and have done according to all that thou hast commanded me.

15

Look down from thy holy habitation, from heaven, and bless thy people Israel, and the land which thou hast given us, as thou swarest unto our fathers, a land that floweth with milk and honey.

16

This day the LORD thy God hath commanded thee to do these statutes and judgments: thou shalt therefore keep and do them with all thine heart, and with all thy soul.

17

Thou hast avouched the LORD this day to be thy God, and to walk in his ways, and to keep his statutes, and his commandments, and his judgments, and to hearken unto his voice:

18

And the LORD hath avouched thee this day to be his peculiar people, as he hath promised thee, and that thou shouldest keep all his commandments;


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
This day the LORD thy God hath commanded thee to do these statutes and judgments—Moses transitions from specific laws to summary exhortation. Ha-yom hazeh (הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה, 'this day') emphasizes immediacy and urgency—the covenant is now, requiring present decision. Thou shalt therefore keep and do them with all thine heart, and with all thy soul—obedience must be wholehearted, not external compliance. The phrase echoes the Shema (6:5): 'Love the LORD your God with all your heart and with all your soul.'

This verse establishes that covenant obedience isn't mere legal conformity but heart devotion. The distinction between keep (Hebrew shamar, שָׁמַר—guard, observe, give heed) and do (Hebrew asah, עָשָׂה—perform, accomplish) suggests both careful attention and active practice. Jesus cited Deuteronomy 6:5 as the greatest commandment (Matthew 22:37), showing that wholehearted devotion to God was always the law's intent, not self-righteous rule-keeping.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Delivered circa 1406 BC on the plains of Moab as Moses prepared Israel for covenant renewal before entering Canaan. The phrase 'this day' occurs frequently in Deuteronomy (4:40, 5:1, 6:6, 7:11, 8:1, etc.), creating rhetorical urgency: each generation must personally embrace the covenant, not merely inherit it. The wilderness generation that left Egypt had died; their children now faced the same choice—obey or rebel. Covenant relationship required continual, conscious recommitment, not passive tradition.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does it mean to obey God's commands 'with all your heart and soul' versus external compliance?
  2. Why does Moses emphasize 'this day'—what's the danger of postponing wholehearted commitment?
  3. How does Jesus's citation of the Shema reveal the continuity between Old and New Testament spiritual demands?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 18 words
הַיּ֣וֹם1 of 18

This day

H3117

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso

הַזֶּ֗ה2 of 18
H2088

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

יְהוָ֨ה3 of 18

the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֱלֹהֶ֜יךָ4 of 18

thy God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

מְצַוְּךָ֧5 of 18

hath commanded

H6680

(intensively) to constitute, enjoin

וְעָשִׂ֙יתָ֙6 of 18

and do

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

אֶת7 of 18
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַֽחֻקִּ֥ים8 of 18

these statutes

H2706

an enactment; hence, an appointment (of time, space, quantity, labor or usage)

הָאֵ֖לֶּה9 of 18
H428

these or those

וְאֶת10 of 18
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֑ים11 of 18

and judgments

H4941

properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (participant's) divine law, ind

וְשָֽׁמַרְתָּ֤12 of 18

thou shalt therefore keep

H8104

properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc

וְעָשִׂ֙יתָ֙13 of 18

and do

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

אוֹתָ֔ם14 of 18
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

בְּכָל15 of 18
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

לְבָֽבְךָ֖16 of 18

them with all thine heart

H3824

the heart (as the most interior organ)

וּבְכָל17 of 18
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

נַפְשֶֽׁךָ׃18 of 18

and with all thy soul

H5315

properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Deuteronomy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Deuteronomy 26:16 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Deuteronomy 26:16 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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