King James Version

What Does Ruth 2:12 Mean?

Ruth 2:12 in the King James Version says “The LORD recompense thy work, and a full reward be given thee of the LORD God of Israel, under whose wings thou art come... — study this verse from Ruth chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

The LORD recompense thy work, and a full reward be given thee of the LORD God of Israel, under whose wings thou art come to trust.

Ruth 2:12 · KJV


Context

10

Then she fell on her face, and bowed herself to the ground, and said unto him, Why have I found grace in thine eyes, that thou shouldest take knowledge of me, seeing I am a stranger?

11

And Boaz answered and said unto her, It hath fully been shewed me, all that thou hast done unto thy mother in law since the death of thine husband: and how thou hast left thy father and thy mother, and the land of thy nativity, and art come unto a people which thou knewest not heretofore .

12

The LORD recompense thy work, and a full reward be given thee of the LORD God of Israel, under whose wings thou art come to trust.

13

Then she said, Let me find favour in thy sight, my lord; for that thou hast comforted me, and for that thou hast spoken friendly unto thine handmaid, though I be not like unto one of thine handmaidens. Let me: or, I find friendly: Heb. to the heart

14

And Boaz said unto her, At mealtime come thou hither, and eat of the bread, and dip thy morsel in the vinegar. And she sat beside the reapers: and he reached her parched corn, and she did eat, and was sufficed, and left.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Boaz pronounces blessing: 'The LORD recompense thy work, and a full reward be given thee of the LORD God of Israel, under whose wings thou art come to trust'. The phrase 'recompense thy work' (yeshalem YHWH pa'olekh) prays that Yahweh will repay Ruth's covenant loyalty. The word shalem means to make complete, pay fully, or restore—Boaz prays for comprehensive divine reward. The phrase 'full reward' (maskoret shlemah) emphasizes completeness—not partial payment but abundant recompense. The beautiful image 'under whose wings thou art come to trust' uses kena-payiv (wings), often translated as the wings of God providing shelter and protection (Psalm 17:8; 36:7; 57:1; 91:4). This bird imagery depicts God as mother hen protecting chicks—intimate, tender, fiercely protective. Ruth has fled to Yahweh's refuge, trusting His covenant protection.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The metaphor of God's 'wings' providing shelter appears throughout Scripture, particularly in Psalms. Ancient Near Eastern art sometimes depicted deities with wings symbolizing protection, though Israel's aniconic faith forbade divine images. The wings imagery connects to the cherubim's wings over the ark of the covenant, representing God's protective presence. Boaz's blessing invokes God's special care for those who trust Him, particularly vulnerable foreigners who abandon former gods to seek Yahweh's protection. This blessing proved prophetic—God's 'full reward' included not just physical provision but incorporation into the messianic line. Ruth's trust in Yahweh ultimately positioned her as great-grandmother of David and ancestress of Christ—a reward beyond imagination. The irony: Boaz prayed for God to reward Ruth, not knowing he would be the human instrument of that divine provision.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the image of seeking refuge under God's wings provide comfort during seasons of vulnerability and uncertainty?
  2. What does Ruth's example teach about trusting God's recompense even when immediate circumstances appear difficult?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 15 words
יְשַׁלֵּ֥ם1 of 15

recompense

H7999

to be safe (in mind, body or estate); figuratively, to be (causatively, make) completed; by implication, to be friendly; by extension, to reciprocate

יְהוָה֙2 of 15

The LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

פָּֽעֳלֵ֑ךְ3 of 15

thy work

H6467

an act or work (concretely)

וּתְהִ֨י4 of 15
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

מַשְׂכֻּרְתֵּ֜ךְ5 of 15

reward

H4909

wages or a reward

שְׁלֵמָ֗ה6 of 15

and a full

H8003

complete (literally or figuratively); especially friendly

מֵעִ֤ם7 of 15
H5973

adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then

יְהוָה֙8 of 15

The LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֱלֹהֵ֣י9 of 15

God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל10 of 15

of Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

אֲשֶׁר11 of 15
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

בָּ֖את12 of 15

thou art come

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

לַֽחֲס֥וֹת13 of 15

to trust

H2620

to flee for protection; figuratively, to confide in

תַּֽחַת14 of 15
H8478

the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc

כְּנָפָֽיו׃15 of 15

under whose wings

H3671

an edge or extremity; specifically (of a bird or army) a wing, (of a garment or bedclothing) a flap, (of the earth) a quarter, (of a building) a pinna


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Ruth. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Ruth 2:12 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Ruth 2:12 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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