King James Version

What Does Psalms 119:122 Mean?

Psalms 119:122 in the King James Version says “Be surety for thy servant for good: let not the proud oppress me. — study this verse from Psalms chapter 119 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Be surety for thy servant for good: let not the proud oppress me.

Psalms 119:122 · KJV


Context

120

My flesh trembleth for fear of thee; and I am afraid of thy judgments.

121

AIN. I have done judgment and justice: leave me not to mine oppressors.

122

Be surety for thy servant for good: let not the proud oppress me.

123

Mine eyes fail for thy salvation, and for the word of thy righteousness.

124

Deal with thy servant according unto thy mercy, and teach me thy statutes.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Be surety for thy servant for good (עֲרֹב עַבְדְּךָ לְטוֹב, arov avdekha l'tov)—The verb arav means to stand as guarantor or pledge security, used of Judah's surety for Benjamin (Gen 43:9). The psalmist asks God Himself to become his bondsman against oppressors—a bold request fulfilled in Christ, who became surety of the better covenant (Heb 7:22).

Let not the proud oppress me (זֵדִים, zedim)—The proud/arrogant ones who presumptuously violate God's law. This echoes v. 51, 69, 78, 85—a recurring threat throughout the psalm, representing those who reject divine authority.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The concept of surety was well-established in ancient Near Eastern legal practice. In Israel's covenant framework, asking God to be surety inverts the typical pattern—instead of humans guaranteeing obligations to God, God guarantees protection for His faithful servant.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Christ's role as surety of the new covenant (Hebrews 7:22) provide security against your spiritual enemies?
  2. What 'proud' voices in culture today seek to oppress biblical faithfulness?
  3. Do you boldly ask God to personally guarantee your spiritual welfare, or do you rely on your own strength?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 6 words
עֲרֹ֣ב1 of 6

Be surety

H6148

to braid, i.e., intermix; technically, to traffic (as if by barter); also or give to be security (as a kind of exchange)

עַבְדְּךָ֣2 of 6

for thy servant

H5650

a servant

לְט֑וֹב3 of 6

for good

H2896

good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good

אַֽל4 of 6
H408

not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing

יַעַשְׁקֻ֥נִי5 of 6

oppress

H6231

to press upon, i.e., oppress, defraud, violate, overflow

זֵדִֽים׃6 of 6

let not the proud

H2086

arrogant


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 119:122 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 119:122 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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