King James Version

What Does Psalms 119:21 Mean?

Psalms 119:21 in the King James Version says “Thou hast rebuked the proud that are cursed, which do err from thy commandments. — study this verse from Psalms chapter 119 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Thou hast rebuked the proud that are cursed, which do err from thy commandments.

Psalms 119:21 · KJV


Context

19

I am a stranger in the earth: hide not thy commandments from me.

20

My soul breaketh for the longing that it hath unto thy judgments at all times.

21

Thou hast rebuked the proud that are cursed, which do err from thy commandments.

22

Remove from me reproach and contempt; for I have kept thy testimonies.

23

Princes also did sit and speak against me: but thy servant did meditate in thy statutes.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Thou hast rebuked the proud that are cursed, which do err from thy commandments. The focus shifts to God's judgment on the arrogant. Rebuked (ga'arta, גָּעַרְתָּ) is a strong term for sharp correction or stern reproof, used of God silencing the sea (Psalm 106:9) and rebuking demons (Zechariah 3:2). The object is the proud (zedim, זֵדִים), those marked by insolent presumption and arrogant self-sufficiency. These are cursed (arurim, אֲרוּרִים), under divine condemnation—the opposite of the blessed person in verse 1.

The proud are characterized by their wandering: they err from thy commandments (hashoggim mimitzovtekha, הַשֹּׁגִים מִמִּצְוֹתֶיךָ). Shagah (שָׁגָה) suggests going astray, missing the path. Pride leads inevitably to disobedience; those who exalt themselves refuse submission to God's authority. Proverbs 16:18 warns, 'Pride goeth before destruction,' and James 4:6 declares, 'God resisteth the proud, but giveth grace unto the humble.' Jesus embodied humility (Matthew 11:29), and His kingdom inverts worldly values where the proud are brought low (Luke 1:51-52).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Throughout Israel's history, proud nations and individuals faced God's rebuke—from Pharaoh to Nebuchadnezzar to Herod. The curse on the proud echoes Deuteronomy's covenant curses (Deuteronomy 28:15-68) and foreshadows the eschatological judgment when God will humble all human pride (Isaiah 2:12-17). The psalmist, likely facing opposition from arrogant enemies, finds comfort in God's justice.

Reflection Questions

  1. In what areas of life are you most vulnerable to pride and self-sufficiency?
  2. How does God's pattern of rebuking the proud and blessing the humble shape your attitude toward authority?
  3. What is the relationship between pride and straying from God's commandments in your own experience?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 5 words
גָּ֭עַרְתָּ1 of 5

Thou hast rebuked

H1605

to chide

זֵדִ֣ים2 of 5

the proud

H2086

arrogant

אֲרוּרִ֑ים3 of 5

that are cursed

H779

to execrate

הַ֝שֹּׁגִים4 of 5

which do err

H7686

to stray (causatively, mislead), usually (figuratively) to mistake, especially (morally) to transgress; by extension (through the idea of intoxication

מִמִּצְוֹתֶֽיךָ׃5 of 5

from thy commandments

H4687

a command, whether human or divine (collectively, the law)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 119:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 119:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study