King James Version

What Does Psalms 115:16 Mean?

Psalms 115:16 in the King James Version says “The heaven, even the heavens, are the LORD'S: but the earth hath he given to the children of men. — study this verse from Psalms chapter 115 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

The heaven, even the heavens, are the LORD'S: but the earth hath he given to the children of men.

Psalms 115:16 · KJV


Context

14

The LORD shall increase you more and more, you and your children.

15

Ye are blessed of the LORD which made heaven and earth.

16

The heaven, even the heavens, are the LORD'S: but the earth hath he given to the children of men.

17

The dead praise not the LORD, neither any that go down into silence.

18

But we will bless the LORD from this time forth and for evermore. Praise the LORD.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The heaven, even the heavens, are the LORD'S: but the earth hath he given to the children of men. This verse articulates the biblical doctrine of delegated dominion. The dual reference to heaven, even the heavens (hashamayim shamayim l'Yahweh, הַשָּׁמַיִם שָׁמַיִם לַיהוָה) uses repetition for emphasis—all heavenly realms belong exclusively to God. This includes the atmospheric heavens, celestial heavens, and spiritual heavens (2 Corinthians 12:2).

But the earth hath he given to the children of men (veha'aretz natan livnei adam, וְהָאָרֶץ נָתַן לִבְנֵי־אָדָם) echoes the creation mandate: 'Be fruitful and multiply; fill the earth and subdue it' (Genesis 1:28). God retains ultimate ownership (Psalm 24:1, 'The earth is the LORD's') but grants humans stewardship, responsibility, and domain. This is delegated authority, not autonomous ownership.

The verse answers potential objection: if God made everything, why doesn't He fix everything? Answer: He gave earth to humans, making us responsible agents. Human sin brought corruption; human obedience enables flourishing. God governs from heaven while assigning earthly management to humanity. This sets up verse 17's crucial point about human responsibility to praise.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient cosmology recognized heaven as God's dwelling place (1 Kings 8:30, Isaiah 66:1) and earth as humanity's domain. Yet earth remained God's property (Leviticus 25:23, 'the land is mine'). Israel lived as tenants, stewards of God's land. The exile demonstrated that disobedience forfeited occupancy—God expelled them from His land. The return from exile renewed stewardship, but with sobering awareness that land tenure depends on covenant faithfulness. For Christians, this earthly stewardship anticipates inheriting the new earth (Matthew 5:5, Revelation 21:1).

Reflection Questions

  1. How does understanding earth as 'given to' rather than 'owned by' humans affect environmental, economic, and political ethics?
  2. What is your responsibility as a steward of the portion of earth (resources, relationships, opportunities) God has entrusted to you?
  3. How does delegated dominion help explain the problem of evil without reducing God's sovereignty or human accountability?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
שָׁ֭מַיִם1 of 7

The heaven

H8064

the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies r

שָׁ֭מַיִם2 of 7

The heaven

H8064

the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies r

לַיהוָ֑ה3 of 7

are the LORD'S

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

וְ֝הָאָ֗רֶץ4 of 7

but the earth

H776

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

נָתַ֥ן5 of 7

hath he given

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

לִבְנֵי6 of 7

to the children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

אָדָֽם׃7 of 7

of men

H120

ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 115:16 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 115:16 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study