King James Version

What Does Psalms 105:36 Mean?

Psalms 105:36 in the King James Version says “He smote also all the firstborn in their land, the chief of all their strength. — study this verse from Psalms chapter 105 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

He smote also all the firstborn in their land, the chief of all their strength.

Psalms 105:36 · KJV


Context

34

He spake, and the locusts came, and caterpillers, and that without number,

35

And did eat up all the herbs in their land, and devoured the fruit of their ground.

36

He smote also all the firstborn in their land, the chief of all their strength.

37

He brought them forth also with silver and gold: and there was not one feeble person among their tribes.

38

Egypt was glad when they departed: for the fear of them fell upon them.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The tenth and final plague (death of firstborn, Exodus 11:1-12:30) is the climactic judgment. 'Smote' (nakah) again emphasizes divine striking. 'All the firstborn' shows comprehensive judgment—no Egyptian household was exempt. 'Chief of all their strength' (reshit, רֵאשִׁית, 'firstfruits') emphasizes these were the heirs, the future of Egypt. This plague directly challenged Pharaoh, considered the son of Ra, and all Egyptian hopes for dynastic continuation. The Passover lamb's blood protected Israel's firstborn, establishing the substitutionary principle: the righteous live because an innocent substitute dies. This foreshadows Christ, the ultimate Passover Lamb (1 Corinthians 5:7).

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Historical & Cultural Context

This plague occurred on the night of Passover (circa 1446 BC), establishing Israel's foundational redemptive event. Every Egyptian family lost their firstborn son, from Pharaoh's heir to the prisoner's child (Exodus 12:29). The night of weeping contrasted with Israel's protected households, demonstrating God's distinction between His people and the world. This became the central event of Israel's calendar and worship, remembered annually in Passover.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the death of Egypt's firstborn foreshadow Christ's sacrificial death?
  2. What does the Passover's substitutionary principle teach about atonement?
  3. How should the distinction between protected and judged households affect our view of salvation?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
וַיַּ֣ךְ1 of 7

He smote

H5221

to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)

כָּל2 of 7
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

בְּכ֣וֹר3 of 7

also all the firstborn

H1060

first-born; hence, chief

בְּאַרְצָ֑ם4 of 7

in their land

H776

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

רֵ֝אשִׁ֗ית5 of 7

the chief

H7225

the first, in place, time, order or rank (specifically, a firstfruit)

לְכָל6 of 7
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

אוֹנָֽם׃7 of 7

of all their strength

H202

ability, power, (figuratively) wealth


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 105:36 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 105:36 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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