King James Version

What Does Psalms 136:10 Mean?

Psalms 136:10 in the King James Version says “To him that smote Egypt in their firstborn: for his mercy endureth for ever: — study this verse from Psalms chapter 136 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

To him that smote Egypt in their firstborn: for his mercy endureth for ever:

Psalms 136:10 · KJV


Context

8

The sun to rule by day: for his mercy endureth for ever: to rule: Heb. for the rulings by day

9

The moon and stars to rule by night: for his mercy endureth for ever.

10

To him that smote Egypt in their firstborn: for his mercy endureth for ever:

11

And brought out Israel from among them: for his mercy endureth for ever:

12

With a strong hand, and with a stretched out arm: for his mercy endureth for ever.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
To him that smote Egypt in their firstborn: for his mercy endureth for...—Smote Egypt's firstborn - exodus liberation through judgment. For his mercy endureth for ever (כִּי לְעוֹלָם חַסְדּוֹ, ki le-olam chasdo). This refrain, repeated 26 times, transforms history into worship. Each event becomes evidence of God's eternal chesed (steadfast covenant love). The psalm teaches that recounting salvation history should evoke gratitude, showing God's character remains unchanging.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Psalm 136, the Great Hallel, recounts salvation from creation through providence. Sung at Passover and festivals with antiphonal structure (cantor and congregation), it trained Israel to see history through the lens of God's enduring mercy. Every generation learned their identity through this recitation.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does repeatedly saying "his mercy endures forever" after each historical event transform your perspective?
  2. What events in your life can you recount with the refrain "for his mercy endures forever"?
  3. How does this psalm challenge viewing history as random versus providentially unfolding divine faithfulness?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 6 words
לְמַכֵּ֣ה1 of 6

To him that smote

H5221

to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)

מִ֭צְרַיִם2 of 6

Egypt

H4714

mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt

בִּבְכוֹרֵיהֶ֑ם3 of 6

in their firstborn

H1060

first-born; hence, chief

כִּ֖י4 of 6
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

לְעוֹלָ֣ם5 of 6

endureth for ever

H5769

properly, concealed, i.e., the vanishing point; generally, time out of mind (past or future), i.e., (practically) eternity; frequentatively, adverbial

חַסְדּֽוֹ׃6 of 6

for his mercy

H2617

kindness; by implication (towards god) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) beauty


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 136:10 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 136:10 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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