King James Version

What Does Proverbs 31:8 Mean?

Proverbs 31:8 in the King James Version says “Open thy mouth for the dumb in the cause of all such as are appointed to destruction. such: Heb. the sons of destruction — study this verse from Proverbs chapter 31 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Open thy mouth for the dumb in the cause of all such as are appointed to destruction. such: Heb. the sons of destruction

Proverbs 31:8 · KJV


Context

6

Give strong drink unto him that is ready to perish, and wine unto those that be of heavy hearts. of: Heb. bitter of soul

7

Let him drink, and forget his poverty, and remember his misery no more.

8

Open thy mouth for the dumb in the cause of all such as are appointed to destruction. such: Heb. the sons of destruction

9

Open thy mouth, judge righteously, and plead the cause of the poor and needy.

10

Who can find a virtuous woman? for her price is far above rubies.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Open thy mouth for the dumb—The Hebrew illem (אִלֵּם, mute/speechless) describes those unable to advocate for themselves. In the cause of all such as are appointed to destruction translates בְּנֵי חֲלוֹף (benei chalof), literally 'sons of passing away' or those vulnerable to being forgotten/destroyed. This is the first command of the eshet chayil (אֵשֶׁת חַיִל, woman of valor) section—righteous advocacy precedes domestic virtue.

The call to open thy mouth (פְּתַח־פִּיךָ, petach-pikha) means active vocal defense, not silent charity. This echoes the prophetic tradition where God demands His people speak for the oppressed (Isaiah 1:17, Jeremiah 22:3). Christ Himself was 'dumb before his shearers' (Isaiah 53:7) but now we must speak for those who cannot.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern law codes (Hammurabi, Hittite) protected the vulnerable, but biblical law uniquely demands proactive advocacy, not just reactive justice. In Israel's patriarchal society, widows, orphans, and foreigners depended on righteous advocates to ensure covenant justice.

Reflection Questions

  1. Who are the 'dumb' in contemporary society who need your voice—the unborn, the elderly, the marginalized?
  2. How does advocacy for the voiceless flow from the character of God who 'executes justice for the fatherless and widow' (Deuteronomy 10:18)?
  3. What is the difference between paternalistic charity and the biblical call to empower the powerless through advocacy?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
פְּתַח1 of 8

Open

H6605

to open wide (literally or figuratively); specifically, to loosen, begin, plough, carve

פִּ֥יךָ2 of 8

thy mouth

H6310

the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with prepos

לְאִלֵּ֑ם3 of 8

for the dumb

H483

speechless

אֶל4 of 8
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

דִּ֝֗ין5 of 8

in the cause

H1779

judgement (the suit, justice, sentence or tribunal); by implication also strife

כָּל6 of 8
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

בְּנֵ֥י7 of 8

of all such as are appointed

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

חֲלֽוֹף׃8 of 8

to destruction

H2475

properly, surviving; by implication (collectively) orphans


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Proverbs. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Proverbs 31:8 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Proverbs 31:8 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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