King James Version

What Does Numbers 35:24 Mean?

Numbers 35:24 in the King James Version says “Then the congregation shall judge between the slayer and the revenger of blood according to these judgments: — study this verse from Numbers chapter 35 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Then the congregation shall judge between the slayer and the revenger of blood according to these judgments:

Numbers 35:24 · KJV


Context

22

But if he thrust him suddenly without enmity, or have cast upon him any thing without laying of wait,

23

Or with any stone, wherewith a man may die, seeing him not, and cast it upon him, that he die, and was not his enemy, neither sought his harm:

24

Then the congregation shall judge between the slayer and the revenger of blood according to these judgments:

25

And the congregation shall deliver the slayer out of the hand of the revenger of blood, and the congregation shall restore him to the city of his refuge, whither he was fled: and he shall abide in it unto the death of the high priest, which was anointed with the holy oil.

26

But if the slayer shall at any time come without the border of the city of his refuge, whither he was fled;


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Then the congregation shall judge between the slayer and the revenger of blood (הָעֵדָה, ha-edah)—the assembly, Israel's judicial body, adjudicated disputed cases. This prevented the go'el ha-dam from acting as judge, jury, and executioner. Community involvement ensured impartial justice: witnesses testified, evidence was examined, and intent was discerned.

According to these judgments (מִשְׁפָּטִים, mishpatim)—the ordinances detailed in verses 16-23. Biblical justice wasn't arbitrary but codified, transparent, and rooted in divine revelation. The congregation applied God's mishpatim, not human sentiment or tribal loyalty.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The 'congregation' (edah) served as Israel's judicial assembly, particularly for capital cases requiring communal validation (Leviticus 24:14-16). This system, established at Sinai (1446 BC), prevented vigilante justice while involving the community in upholding God's law.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why did God require the congregation, not just the avenger of blood, to judge—what safeguards does community justice provide?
  2. How does the phrase 'according to these judgments' establish the rule of law rather than rule by passion or revenge?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 10 words
וְשָֽׁפְטוּ֙1 of 10

shall judge

H8199

to judge, i.e., pronounce sentence (for or against); by implication, to vindicate or punish; by extenssion, to govern; passively, to litigate (literal

הָֽעֵדָ֔ה2 of 10

Then the congregation

H5712

a stated assemblage (specifically, a concourse, or generally, a family or crowd)

בֵּ֚ין3 of 10
H996

between (repeated before each noun, often with other particles); also as a conjunction, either...or

הַמַּכֶּ֔ה4 of 10

between the slayer

H5221

to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)

וּבֵ֖ין5 of 10
H996

between (repeated before each noun, often with other particles); also as a conjunction, either...or

גֹּאֵ֣ל6 of 10

and the revenger

H1350

to redeem (according to the middle eastern law of kinship), i.e., to be the next of kin (and as such to buy back a relative's property, marry his wido

הַדָּ֑ם7 of 10

of blood

H1818

blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshe

עַ֥ל8 of 10
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

הַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֖ים9 of 10

according to these judgments

H4941

properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (participant's) divine law, ind

הָאֵֽלֶּה׃10 of 10
H428

these or those


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Numbers. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Numbers 35:24 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Numbers 35:24 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study