King James Version

What Does Numbers 35:15 Mean?

Numbers 35:15 in the King James Version says “These six cities shall be a refuge, both for the children of Israel, and for the stranger, and for the sojourner among t... — study this verse from Numbers chapter 35 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

These six cities shall be a refuge, both for the children of Israel, and for the stranger, and for the sojourner among them: that every one that killeth any person unawares may flee thither.

Numbers 35:15 · KJV


Context

13

And of these cities which ye shall give six cities shall ye have for refuge.

14

Ye shall give three cities on this side Jordan, and three cities shall ye give in the land of Canaan, which shall be cities of refuge.

15

These six cities shall be a refuge, both for the children of Israel, and for the stranger, and for the sojourner among them: that every one that killeth any person unawares may flee thither.

16

And if he smite him with an instrument of iron, so that he die, he is a murderer: the murderer shall surely be put to death.

17

And if he smite him with throwing a stone, wherewith he may die, and he die, he is a murderer: the murderer shall surely be put to death. with: Heb. with a stone of the hand


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
These cities served 'for the children of Israel, and for the stranger, and for the sojourner among them'—protection extended beyond ethnic Israelites. God's justice applies equally regardless of nationality or status. This foreshadows gospel inclusion of all peoples. Refuge in Christ isn't limited by ethnicity, social class, or background; all who flee to Him find safety.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Including foreigners in this provision was remarkable in ancient world where legal protections often applied only to citizens. God's law established equal justice long before modern human rights concepts. This inclusivity demonstrated that God's moral standards and mercies transcend tribal boundaries.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the gospel's inclusion of all peoples reflect God's character shown throughout Scripture?
  2. What modern 'strangers' or outsiders need to know about refuge available in Christ?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 16 words
לִבְנֵ֣י1 of 16

both for the children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל2 of 16

of Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

וְלַגֵּ֤ר3 of 16

and for the stranger

H1616

properly, a guest; by implication, a foreigner

וְלַתּוֹשָׁב֙4 of 16

and for the sojourner

H8453

a dweller but not outlandish [h5237]; especially (as distinguished from a native citizen [active participle of h3427] and a temporary inmate [h1616] o

בְּתוֹכָ֔ם5 of 16

among

H8432

a bisection, i.e., (by implication) the center

תִּֽהְיֶ֛ינָה6 of 16
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

שֵׁשׁ7 of 16

These six

H8337

six (as an overplus beyond five or the fingers of the hand); as ordinal, sixth

הֶֽעָרִ֥ים8 of 16

cities

H5892

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

הָאֵ֖לֶּה9 of 16
H428

these or those

לְמִקְלָ֑ט10 of 16

shall be a refuge

H4733

an asylum (as a receptacle)

לָנ֣וּס11 of 16

may flee

H5127

to flit, i.e., vanish away (subside, escape; causatively, chase, impel, deliver)

שָׁ֔מָּה12 of 16
H8033

there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence

כָּל13 of 16
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

מַכֵּה14 of 16

them that every one that killeth

H5221

to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)

נֶ֖פֶשׁ15 of 16

any person

H5315

properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment

בִּשְׁגָגָֽה׃16 of 16

unawares

H7684

a mistake or inadvertent transgression


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Numbers. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Numbers 35:15 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Numbers 35:15 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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