King James Version

What Does Numbers 21:30 Mean?

Numbers 21:30 in the King James Version says “We have shot at them; Heshbon is perished even unto Dibon, and we have laid them waste even unto Nophah, which reacheth ... — study this verse from Numbers chapter 21 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

We have shot at them; Heshbon is perished even unto Dibon, and we have laid them waste even unto Nophah, which reacheth unto Medeba.

Numbers 21:30 · KJV


Context

28

For there is a fire gone out of Heshbon, a flame from the city of Sihon: it hath consumed Ar of Moab, and the lords of the high places of Arnon.

29

Woe to thee, Moab! thou art undone, O people of Chemosh: he hath given his sons that escaped, and his daughters, into captivity unto Sihon king of the Amorites.

30

We have shot at them; Heshbon is perished even unto Dibon, and we have laid them waste even unto Nophah, which reacheth unto Medeba.

31

Thus Israel dwelt in the land of the Amorites.

32

And Moses sent to spy out Jaazer, and they took the villages thereof, and drove out the Amorites that were there.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
We have shot at them—The victory song continues with graphic battle imagery. Heshbon is perished even unto Dibon—These cities marked the extent of Sihon's (and now Israel's) conquest. And we have laid them waste even unto Nophah, which reacheth unto Medeba—Each place-name testifies to comprehensive defeat. The litany of conquered cities demonstrates totality of victory.

Israel's recitation of enemy poetry becomes appropriation—they inherit not just land but the very songs celebrating conquest of that land. This demonstrates cultural transformation through military victory: Israel doesn't just defeat enemies, they inherit and redeem enemy culture for covenantal purposes.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Dibon (modern Dhiban) was a major Moabite city where the Mesha Stele was discovered. Medeba appears in later biblical history (Isaiah 15:2) and became a significant city in the Nabatean and Roman periods. These place names create a geographical chain marking the scope of Amorite (then Israelite) control.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God call you to appropriate and redeem cultural elements from defeated 'enemies' (sin, worldliness) for His glory?
  2. What 'cities' or strongholds in your life mark the extent of God's victories on your behalf?
  3. How can you bear witness to comprehensive transformation without triumphalism or cultural imperialism?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
וַנִּירָ֛ם1 of 11

We have shot

H3384

properly, to flow as water (i.e., to rain); transitively, to lay or throw (especially an arrow, i.e., to shoot); figuratively, to point out (as if by

אָבַ֥ד2 of 11

is perished

H6

properly, to wander away, i.e., lose oneself; by implication to perish (causative, destroy)

חֶשְׁבּ֖וֹן3 of 11

at them Heshbon

H2809

cheshbon, a place east of the jordan

עַד4 of 11
H5704

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

דִּיבֹ֑ן5 of 11

even unto Dibon

H1769

dibon, the name of three places in palestine

וַנַּשִּׁ֣ים6 of 11

and we have laid them waste

H8074

to stun (or intransitively, grow numb), i.e., devastate or (figuratively) stupefy (both usually in a passive sense)

עַד7 of 11
H5704

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

נֹ֔פַח8 of 11

even unto Nophah

H5302

nophach, a place in moab

אֲשֶׁ֖רׄ9 of 11
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

עַד10 of 11
H5704

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

מֵֽידְבָֽא׃11 of 11

which reacheth unto Medeba

H4311

medeba, a place in palestine


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Numbers. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Numbers 21:30 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Numbers 21:30 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Places in This Verse

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