King James Version

What Does Matthew 15:20 Mean?

Matthew 15:20 in the King James Version says “These are the things which defile a man: but to eat with unwashen hands defileth not a man. — study this verse from Matthew chapter 15 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

These are the things which defile a man: but to eat with unwashen hands defileth not a man.

Matthew 15:20 · KJV


Context

18

But those things which proceed out of the mouth come forth from the heart; and they defile the man.

19

For out of the heart proceed evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, fornications, thefts, false witness, blasphemies:

20

These are the things which defile a man: but to eat with unwashen hands defileth not a man.

21

Then Jesus went thence, and departed into the coasts of Tyre and Sidon.

22

And, behold, a woman of Canaan came out of the same coasts, and cried unto him, saying, Have mercy on me, O Lord, thou Son of David; my daughter is grievously vexed with a devil.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Jesus concludes: 'These are the things which defile a man: but to eat with unwashen hands defileth not a man.' This revolutionary teaching shifts focus from ceremonial to moral purity. Defilement is fundamentally spiritual and ethical, not ritual. Reformed doctrine sees here the transition from Old Covenant ceremonial law to New Covenant spiritual reality. While external religion appears impressive, God judges the heart. This verse anticipates the gospel going to Gentiles, who wouldn't observe Jewish purity rituals.

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Historical & Cultural Context

This teaching prepared disciples for the Gentile mission by relativizing Jewish ceremonial law. Peter's vision in Acts 10 builds on this foundation. The early church struggled with this issue (Acts 15), ultimately recognizing that Gentiles need not adopt Jewish rituals. Jesus' teaching here laid theological groundwork for this decision.

Reflection Questions

  1. What external religious practices have you emphasized over heart transformation?
  2. How does Jesus' teaching free you from legalism?
  3. What does true spiritual purity look like in daily life?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 15 words
ταῦτά1 of 15

These

G5023

these things

ἐστιν2 of 15

are

G2076

he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are

τὸν3 of 15

the things which

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

κοινοῖ4 of 15

defile

G2840

to make (or consider) profane (ceremonially)

τὸν5 of 15

the things which

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἄνθρωπον6 of 15

a man

G444

man-faced, i.e., a human being

τὸν7 of 15

the things which

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δὲ8 of 15

but

G1161

but, and, etc

ἀνίπτοις9 of 15

with unwashen

G449

without ablution

χερσὶν10 of 15

hands

G5495

the hand (literally or figuratively (power); especially (by hebraism) a means or instrument)

φαγεῖν11 of 15

to eat

G5315

to eat (literally or figuratively)

οὐ12 of 15

not

G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not

κοινοῖ13 of 15

defile

G2840

to make (or consider) profane (ceremonially)

τὸν14 of 15

the things which

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἄνθρωπον15 of 15

a man

G444

man-faced, i.e., a human being


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 15:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 15:20 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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