King James Version

What Does Matthew 15:2 Mean?

Matthew 15:2 in the King James Version says “Why do thy disciples transgress the tradition of the elders? for they wash not their hands when they eat bread. — study this verse from Matthew chapter 15 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Why do thy disciples transgress the tradition of the elders? for they wash not their hands when they eat bread.

Matthew 15:2 · KJV


Context

1

Then came to Jesus scribes and Pharisees, which were of Jerusalem, saying,

2

Why do thy disciples transgress the tradition of the elders? for they wash not their hands when they eat bread.

3

But he answered and said unto them, Why do ye also transgress the commandment of God by your tradition?

4

For God commanded, saying, Honour thy father and mother: and, He that curseth father or mother, let him die the death.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The Pharisees' accusation focuses on ceremonial hand-washing, part of the 'tradition of the elders'—oral interpretations and expansions of Mosaic Law. The Greek 'paradosis' (tradition) here refers to human additions to divine revelation. Reformed theology recognizes this as the perennial temptation to elevate human interpretations to the level of Scripture itself. The disciples' failure to observe this ritual becomes the occasion for Jesus to distinguish between God's commandments and human traditions.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The hand-washing tradition wasn't biblical law but developed during the intertestamental period. Originally applied to priests, it was extended to all Jews by Pharisaic interpretation. This ritualistic washing aimed to remove ceremonial, not physical, contamination. Mark's gospel explains this custom for Gentile readers (Mark 7:3-4).

Reflection Questions

  1. What religious practices do you observe from tradition rather than biblical command?
  2. How can you distinguish between helpful traditions and burdensome additions to faith?
  3. When does adherence to tradition become spiritual pride?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 18 words
Διατί1 of 18

Why

G1302

through what cause ?, i.e., why?

οἱ2 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

μαθηταί3 of 18

disciples

G3101

a learner, i.e., pupil

σου4 of 18

do thy

G4675

of thee, thy

παραβαίνουσιν5 of 18

transgress

G3845

to go contrary to, i.e., violate a command

τὴν6 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

παράδοσιν7 of 18

the tradition

G3862

transmission, i.e., (concretely) a precept; specially, the jewish traditionary law

τῶν8 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πρεσβυτέρων9 of 18

of the elders

G4245

older; as noun, a senior; specially, an israelite sanhedrist (also figuratively, member of the celestial council) or christian "presbyter"

οὐ10 of 18

not

G3756

the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not

γὰρ11 of 18

for

G1063

properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)

νίπτονται12 of 18

they wash

G3538

to cleanse (especially the hands or the feet or the face); ceremonially, to perform ablution

τὰς13 of 18
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

χεῖρας14 of 18

hands

G5495

the hand (literally or figuratively (power); especially (by hebraism) a means or instrument)

αὐτῶν15 of 18
G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ὅταν16 of 18

when

G3752

whenever (implying hypothesis or more or less uncertainty); also causatively (conjunctionally) inasmuch as

ἄρτον17 of 18

bread

G740

bread (as raised) or a loaf

ἐσθίωσιν18 of 18

they eat

G2068

used only in certain tenses, the rest being supplied by g5315; to eat (usually literal)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 15:2 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 15:2 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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