King James Version

What Does Leviticus 26:18 Mean?

Leviticus 26:18 in the King James Version says “And if ye will not yet for all this hearken unto me, then I will punish you seven times more for your sins. — study this verse from Leviticus chapter 26 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And if ye will not yet for all this hearken unto me, then I will punish you seven times more for your sins.

Leviticus 26:18 · KJV


Context

16

I also will do this unto you; I will even appoint over you terror, consumption, and the burning ague, that shall consume the eyes, and cause sorrow of heart: and ye shall sow your seed in vain, for your enemies shall eat it. over: Heb. upon

17

And I will set my face against you, and ye shall be slain before your enemies: they that hate you shall reign over you; and ye shall flee when none pursueth you.

18

And if ye will not yet for all this hearken unto me, then I will punish you seven times more for your sins.

19

And I will break the pride of your power; and I will make your heaven as iron, and your earth as brass:

20

And your strength shall be spent in vain: for your land shall not yield her increase, neither shall the trees of the land yield their fruits.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And if ye will not yet for all this hearken unto me, then I will punish you seven times more for your sins.

This verse falls within the section on Blessings and Curses. Covenant blessings for obedience and curses for disobedience, establishing consequences of Israel's covenant relationship.


Every sacrifice and ritual in Leviticus points forward to Jesus Christ, who fulfills the entire sacrificial system as both perfect sacrifice and eternal high priest.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Covenant blessings for obedience and curses for disobedience, establishing consequences of Israel's covenant relationship. Chapters 17-27, often called the 'Holiness Code,' expand covenant obligations beyond ritual to encompass all of life—sexuality, economics, justice, and relationships. The repeated refrain 'I am the LORD' grounds these laws in God's character and covenant relationship with Israel. Israel received these laws while encamped at Sinai, before entering Canaan. The laws prepared them for life in the promised land, distinguishing them from Canaanite practices and establishing their identity as God's holy nation. The portable tabernacle, central to Levitical worship, accompanied them through wilderness wanderings and eventually found permanent form in Solomon's temple. The tabernacle's design parallels ancient Near Eastern temple architecture, yet its portable nature and absence of divine images distinguished it from pagan temples.

Reflection Questions

  1. In what ways does this verse deepen your appreciation for Christ's atoning sacrifice and the seriousness of sin?
  2. How does this verse help you understand both God's justice and His mercy in salvation?
  3. In what ways does this verse challenge contemporary cultural values or your personal attitudes?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וְאִ֨ם1 of 12
H518

used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not

עַד2 of 12

And if ye will not yet

H5704

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

אֵ֔לֶּה3 of 12
H428

these or those

לֹ֥א4 of 12
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

תִשְׁמְע֖וּ5 of 12

for all this hearken

H8085

to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)

לִ֑י6 of 12
H0
וְיָֽסַפְתִּי֙7 of 12

more

H3254

to add or augment (often adverbial, to continue to do a thing)

לְיַסְּרָ֣ה8 of 12

unto me then I will punish

H3256

to chastise, literally (with blows) or figuratively (with words); hence, to instruct

אֶתְכֶ֔ם9 of 12
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

שֶׁ֖בַע10 of 12

you seven times

H7651

seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week; by extension, an indefinite number

עַל11 of 12
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

חַטֹּֽאתֵיכֶֽם׃12 of 12

for your sins

H2403

an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or expiation; also (concretely) an offender


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Leviticus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Leviticus 26:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Leviticus 26:18 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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