King James Version

What Does Joshua 6:21 Mean?

Joshua 6:21 in the King James Version says “And they utterly destroyed all that was in the city, both man and woman, young and old, and ox, and sheep, and ass, with... — study this verse from Joshua chapter 6 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And they utterly destroyed all that was in the city, both man and woman, young and old, and ox, and sheep, and ass, with the edge of the sword.

Joshua 6:21 · KJV


Context

19

But all the silver, and gold, and vessels of brass and iron, are consecrated unto the LORD: they shall come into the treasury of the LORD. consecrated: Heb. holiness

20

So the people shouted when the priests blew with the trumpets: and it came to pass, when the people heard the sound of the trumpet, and the people shouted with a great shout, that the wall fell down flat, so that the people went up into the city, every man straight before him, and they took the city. flat: Heb. under it

21

And they utterly destroyed all that was in the city, both man and woman, young and old, and ox, and sheep, and ass, with the edge of the sword.

22

But Joshua had said unto the two men that had spied out the country, Go into the harlot's house, and bring out thence the woman, and all that she hath, as ye sware unto her.

23

And the young men that were spies went in, and brought out Rahab, and her father, and her mother, and her brethren, and all that she had; and they brought out all her kindred, and left them without the camp of Israel. kindred: Heb. families


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Rahab's response—'According unto your words, so be it'—demonstrates complete submission to the terms of salvation. The Hebrew כְּדִבְרֵיכֶם כֶּן־הוּא (kidivreikhem ken-hu) means literally 'as your words, so it is.' She doesn't negotiate terms, add conditions, or suggest modifications. This exemplifies saving faith: unconditional acceptance of God's provision on His terms. Her immediate action—'she bound the scarlet line in the window'—shows that genuine faith produces obedience. James 2:25 later cites Rahab as an example of faith demonstrated by works. The binding of the cord wasn't what saved her; rather, it evidenced the faith that saved. She sent the spies away safely, completing her covenant obligations before claiming covenant benefits. This sequence matters: Rahab helped the spies first (verses 15-16), then made covenant (verses 17-20), then placed the sign (verse 21). Faith acts before seeing fulfillment. She had no guarantee that Israel would succeed or remember their covenant—only the spies' word. Yet she acted decisively, publicly, irreversibly.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The phrase 'she sent them away' indicates Rahab dismissed the spies after understanding the covenant terms, likely late at night to avoid detection. The binding of the scarlet line immediately rather than waiting until Israel approached shows remarkable faith—she would live with this visible marker of covenant with Israel for days or weeks before Jericho fell, risking discovery by hostile neighbors. Ancient city-states had sophisticated intelligence networks; a visible marker suggesting alliance with enemies could have resulted in Rahab's execution. Yet she prioritized obedience to the covenant over personal safety. The scarlet line hanging from her window became a public testimony, possibly leading to questions from neighbors or authorities. Rahab's courage in maintaining this visible faith-sign under potential persecution prefigures Christian witness under hostile circumstances—the cost of discipleship often includes social marginalization or danger.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does Rahab's immediate obedience teach about the relationship between faith and works?
  2. How does her willingness to display the scarlet cord despite potential consequences challenge your public witness?
  3. In what areas might God be calling you to trust His word before seeing visible evidence of fulfillment?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 17 words
וַֽיַּחֲרִ֙ימוּ֙1 of 17

And they utterly destroyed

H2763

to seclude; specifically (by a ban) to devote to religious uses (especially destruction); physical and reflexive, to be blunt as to the nose

אֶת2 of 17
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

כָּל3 of 17
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

אֲשֶׁ֣ר4 of 17
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

בָּעִ֔יר5 of 17

all that was in the city

H5892

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

מֵאִישׁ֙6 of 17

both man

H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

וְעַד7 of 17
H5704

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

אִשָּׁ֔ה8 of 17

and woman

H802

a woman

מִנַּ֖עַר9 of 17

young

H5288

(concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a servant; also (by interch. of sex), a girl (of similar latit

וְעַד10 of 17
H5704

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

זָקֵ֑ן11 of 17

and old

H2205

old

וְעַ֨ד12 of 17
H5704

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

שׁ֥וֹר13 of 17

and ox

H7794

a bullock (as a traveller)

וָשֶׂ֛ה14 of 17

and sheep

H7716

a member of a flock, i.e., a sheep or goat

וַֽחֲמ֖וֹר15 of 17

and ass

H2543

a male ass (from its dun red)

לְפִי16 of 17

with the edge

H6310

the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with prepos

חָֽרֶב׃17 of 17

of the sword

H2719

drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or other sharp implement


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Joshua. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Joshua 6:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Joshua 6:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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