King James Version

What Does Joshua 10:21 Mean?

Joshua 10:21 in the King James Version says “And all the people returned to the camp to Joshua at Makkedah in peace: none moved his tongue against any of the childre... — study this verse from Joshua chapter 10 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And all the people returned to the camp to Joshua at Makkedah in peace: none moved his tongue against any of the children of Israel.

Joshua 10:21 · KJV


Context

19

And stay ye not, but pursue after your enemies, and smite the hindmost of them; suffer them not to enter into their cities: for the LORD your God hath delivered them into your hand. smite: Heb. cut off the tail

20

And it came to pass, when Joshua and the children of Israel had made an end of slaying them with a very great slaughter, till they were consumed, that the rest which remained of them entered into fenced cities.

21

And all the people returned to the camp to Joshua at Makkedah in peace: none moved his tongue against any of the children of Israel.

22

Then said Joshua, Open the mouth of the cave, and bring out those five kings unto me out of the cave.

23

And they did so, and brought forth those five kings unto him out of the cave, the king of Jerusalem, the king of Hebron, the king of Jarmuth, the king of Lachish, and the king of Eglon.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And all the people returned to the camp to Joshua at Makkedah in peace: none moved his tongue against any of the children of Israel.

The phrase "returned to the camp" (וַיָּשֻׁבוּ כָּל־הָעָם אֶל־הַמַּחֲנֶה, vayashuvu chol-ha'am el-hamachaneh) indicates the army's reassembly after pursuing scattered enemies across the region. Despite operating across miles of hostile territory, Israel's forces regrouped intact—testimony to their discipline and divine protection. The location "at Makkedah" confirms the cave site became the temporary command center for the southern campaign.

The triumphant declaration "in peace" (בְּשָׁלוֹם, beshalom) indicates more than merely cessation of fighting. The Hebrew shalom encompasses completeness, wholeness, security, and covenant blessing. Israel returned not merely alive but victorious, intact, and blessed—the promised rest God gives His people (Deuteronomy 12:10; Joshua 21:44). This peace resulted from total victory eliminating immediate threats.

Most remarkable is the statement "none moved his tongue against any of the children of Israel" (לֹא־חָרַץ לִבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לְאִישׁ אֶת־לְשֹׁנוֹ, lo-charats livnei Yisra'el le'ish et-leshono). The verb חָרַץ (charats) means to sharpen or cut, used of dogs growling (Exodus 11:7). So complete was Israel's dominance that even verbal opposition ceased—enemies were too terrified to speak against them. This fulfilled the promise that fear of Israel would fall on the nations (Exodus 23:27; Deuteronomy 11:25; Joshua 2:9-11).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The phrase "none moved his tongue" echoes Exodus 11:7, where God promised that during the final plague in Egypt, "against any of the children of Israel shall not a dog move his tongue." This verbal parallel indicates the conquest fulfilled promises made during the Exodus—the same God who delivered Israel from Egypt now gave them Canaan. The connection reinforces continuity of divine faithfulness across generations.

Ancient warfare typically generated cycles of revenge, with defeated peoples conducting raids and guerrilla attacks even after major battles. The statement that none dared speak against Israel indicates psychological domination beyond mere military victory. Fear paralyzed opposition, creating conditions for rapid conquest. Similar psychological effects appear in accounts of Alexander the Great and Roman legions—reputation could win battles before they began.

The reassembly of Israel's forces "in peace" also suggests minimal casualties despite intense fighting. Ancient battles often inflicted 10-30% casualties even on victorious armies through combat, exhaustion, and disease. Israel's return intact demonstrated supernatural protection fulfilling promises like Deuteronomy 28:7: "The LORD shall cause thine enemies that rise up against thee to be smitten before thy face." Military success without proportionate losses testified to divine intervention.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does it mean for believers to experience the 'shalom' (wholeness, rest) that comes from complete obedience to God's commands?
  2. How should the reality that 'none moved his tongue against Israel' shape our understanding of spiritual authority in Christ over the powers of darkness?
  3. What areas of your life lack peace because of incomplete obedience or unfinished battles God has called you to fight?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 16 words
וַיָּשֻׁבוּ֩1 of 16

returned

H7725

to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);

כָל2 of 16
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

הָעָ֨ם3 of 16

And all the people

H5971

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

אֶל4 of 16
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

הַמַּֽחֲנֶ֧ה5 of 16

to the camp

H4264

an encampment (of travellers or troops); hence, an army, whether literal (of soldiers) or figurative (of dancers, angels, cattle, locusts, stars; or e

אֶל6 of 16
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַ7 of 16

to Joshua

H3091

jehoshua (i.e., joshua), the jewish leader

מַקֵּדָ֖ה8 of 16

at Makkedah

H4719

makkedah, a place in palestine

בְּשָׁל֑וֹם9 of 16

in peace

H7965

safe, i.e., (figuratively) well, happy, friendly; also (abstractly) welfare, i.e., health, prosperity, peace

לֹֽא10 of 16
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

חָרַ֞ץ11 of 16

none moved

H2782

properly, to point sharply, i.e., (literally) to wound; figuratively, to be alert, to decide

לִבְנֵ֧י12 of 16

of the children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל13 of 16

of Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

לְאִ֖ישׁ14 of 16

against any

H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

אֶת15 of 16
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

לְשֹׁנֽוֹ׃16 of 16

his tongue

H3956

the tongue (of man or animals), used literally (as the instrument of licking, eating, or speech), and figuratively (speech, an ingot, a fork of flame,


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Joshua. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Joshua 10:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Joshua 10:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Places in This Verse

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study