King James Version

What Does John 2:14 Mean?

John 2:14 in the King James Version says “And found in the temple those that sold oxen and sheep and doves, and the changers of money sitting: — study this verse from John chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And found in the temple those that sold oxen and sheep and doves, and the changers of money sitting:

John 2:14 · KJV


Context

12

After this he went down to Capernaum, he, and his mother, and his brethren, and his disciples: and they continued there not many days.

13

And the Jews' passover was at hand, and Jesus went up to Jerusalem,

14

And found in the temple those that sold oxen and sheep and doves, and the changers of money sitting:

15

And when he had made a scourge of small cords, he drove them all out of the temple, and the sheep, and the oxen; and poured out the changers' money, and overthrew the tables;

16

And said unto them that sold doves, Take these things hence; make not my Father's house an house of merchandise.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
In the temple, Jesus finds 'those that sold oxen and sheep and doves, and the changers of money sitting.' This commerce served legitimate religious need—pilgrims needed animals for sacrifice and temple currency for offerings. Yet the location (apparently in the Court of Gentiles) and exploitation had corrupted the temple's purpose. Jesus sees not just religious activity but religious corruption.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The Court of Gentiles, the temple's outer area, had become a marketplace. Money changers exchanged Roman currency (with graven images) for temple shekels. While these services were necessary, they had become exploitative—prices were inflated, and the space meant for Gentile worship was commercialized.

Reflection Questions

  1. How can legitimate religious activities become corrupted and exploitative?
  2. What 'temple marketplaces' exist in contemporary Christianity that might grieve Christ?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 16 words
καὶ1 of 16

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

εὗρεν2 of 16

found

G2147

to find (literally or figuratively)

ἐν3 of 16

in

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

τῷ4 of 16
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἱερῷ5 of 16

the temple

G2411

a sacred place, i.e., the entire precincts (whereas g3485 denotes the central sanctuary itself) of the temple (at jerusalem or elsewhere)

τοὺς6 of 16
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πωλοῦντας7 of 16

those that sold

G4453

to barter (as a pedlar), i.e., to sell

βόας8 of 16

oxen

G1016

an ox (as grazing), i.e., an animal of that species ("beef")

καὶ9 of 16

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

πρόβατα10 of 16

sheep

G4263

something that walks forward (a quadruped), i.e., (specially), a sheep (literally or figuratively)

καὶ11 of 16

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

περιστερὰς12 of 16

doves

G4058

a pigeon

καὶ13 of 16

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

τοὺς14 of 16
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

κερματιστὰς15 of 16

the changers of money

G2773

a handler of coins, i.e., money-broker

καθημένους16 of 16

sitting

G2521

and ???? (to sit; akin to the base of g1476); to sit down; figuratively, to remain, reside


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of John. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

John 2:14 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to John 2:14 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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