King James Version

What Does Job 38:39 Mean?

Job 38:39 in the King James Version says “Wilt thou hunt the prey for the lion? or fill the appetite of the young lions, the appetite: Heb. the life — study this verse from Job chapter 38 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Wilt thou hunt the prey for the lion? or fill the appetite of the young lions, the appetite: Heb. the life

Job 38:39 · KJV


Context

37

Who can number the clouds in wisdom? or who can stay the bottles of heaven, stay: Heb. cause to lie down

38

When the dust groweth into hardness, and the clods cleave fast together? groweth: or, is turned into mire: Heb. is poured

39

Wilt thou hunt the prey for the lion? or fill the appetite of the young lions, the appetite: Heb. the life

40

When they couch in their dens, and abide in the covert to lie in wait?

41

Who provideth for the raven his food? when his young ones cry unto God, they wander for lack of meat.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
God transitions from meteorology to zoology, asking if Job provides food for lions. 'Hunt the prey' (tsud tsayid, צוּד צַיִד) means to chase and capture game. 'Fill the appetite' (male nephesh, מָלֵא נֶפֶשׁ) literally means to satisfy the soul or life-force, emphasizing not just physical hunger but vitality. 'Young lions' (kephir, כְּפִיר) refers to strong, mature lions in their prime. This question establishes God's comprehensive provision for His creatures—even fierce predators depend entirely on divine sustenance. The lions that inspire human terror are themselves dependent on God for their next meal. This connects to Psalm 104:21, 'The young lions roar after their prey, and seek their meat from God.' The verse challenges Job to recognize that if he cannot feed wild animals, he has no basis for questioning God's governance of human affairs. It also reveals God's care extends even to creatures that seem contrary to human interest.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Lions were common in ancient Israel and surrounding regions, posing real danger to shepherds and travelers. They represented untamed, powerful nature that humans could not control. God's provision for these feared predators demonstrated His authority over what humanity feared most, while also revealing His universal care for all creation.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God's provision for dangerous predators challenge your understanding of His care for you?
  2. What 'lions' in your life—circumstances that seem threatening or opposed to God's purposes—are actually under His sovereign provision?
  3. In what ways does recognizing your dependence on God's provision humble your demands for explanation?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 6 words
הֲתָצ֣וּד1 of 6

Wilt thou hunt

H6679

to victual (for a journey)

לְלָבִ֣יא2 of 6

for the lion

H3833

a lion (properly, a lioness as the fiercer (although not a roarer;))

טָ֑רֶף3 of 6

the prey

H2964

something torn, i.e., a fragment, e.g., a fresh leaf, prey, food

וְחַיַּ֖ת4 of 6

the appetite

H2416

alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or livin

כְּפִירִ֣ים5 of 6

of the young lions

H3715

a village (as covered in by walls); also a young lion (perhaps as covered with a mane)

תְּמַלֵּֽא׃6 of 6

or fill

H4390

to fill or (intransitively) be full of, in a wide application (literally and figuratively)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Job. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Job 38:39 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Job 38:39 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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