King James Version

What Does Job 38:40 Mean?

Job 38:40 in the King James Version says “When they couch in their dens, and abide in the covert to lie in wait? — study this verse from Job chapter 38 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

When they couch in their dens, and abide in the covert to lie in wait?

Job 38:40 · KJV


Context

38

When the dust groweth into hardness, and the clods cleave fast together? groweth: or, is turned into mire: Heb. is poured

39

Wilt thou hunt the prey for the lion? or fill the appetite of the young lions, the appetite: Heb. the life

40

When they couch in their dens, and abide in the covert to lie in wait?

41

Who provideth for the raven his food? when his young ones cry unto God, they wander for lack of meat.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
This verse continues the lion imagery, describing their hunting behavior. 'Couch in their dens' (rabats me'onah, רָבַץ מְעוֹנָה) refers to the lion's resting posture in its lair. 'Abide in the covert to lie in wait' (yashab sukkah, יָשַׁב סֻכָּה) describes patient ambush hunting from concealed positions. The verse emphasizes the lions' patient, strategic hunting—waiting for prey rather than constant action. God's question implies: who teaches lions this effective hunting strategy? Who ensures their concealment is adequate and their patience rewarded? The verse reveals divine providence in animal instinct and behavior. What appears to be natural animal wisdom is actually God's implanted design, sustained by His continuous governance. This challenges evolutionary naturalism by emphasizing that even predatory behavior serves divine purposes and reflects divine wisdom. The patience of lions in their coverts also serves as metaphor for believers waiting on God's timing (Psalm 27:14).

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Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient observers marveled at lions' hunting prowess and strategic intelligence. In a worldview where animals were sometimes considered divine or possessed of independent wisdom, God's question asserts that animal behavior ultimately derives from and depends upon His governance, not inherent animal divinity or independent natural law.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God's governance of animal instinct inform your understanding of His guidance in human behavior and decision-making?
  2. What does the lions' patient waiting teach you about trusting God's timing in your circumstances?
  3. In what ways do you need to recognize God's hand in what appears to be 'natural' or automatic processes?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
כִּי1 of 7
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

יָשֹׁ֥חוּ2 of 7

When they couch

H7817

to sink or depress (reflexive or causative)

בַמְּעוֹנ֑וֹת3 of 7

in their dens

H4585

an abode, of god (the tabernacle or the temple), men (their home) or animals (their lair); hence, a retreat (asylum)

יֵשְׁב֖וּ4 of 7

and abide

H3427

properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry

בַסֻּכָּ֣ה5 of 7

in the covert

H5521

a hut or lair

לְמוֹ6 of 7

to

H3926

to or for

אָֽרֶב׃7 of 7

lie in wait

H695

ambuscade


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Job. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Job 38:40 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Job 38:40 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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