King James Version

What Does Job 33:13 Mean?

Job 33:13 in the King James Version says “Why dost thou strive against him? for he giveth not account of any of his matters. he giveth: Heb. he answereth not — study this verse from Job chapter 33 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Why dost thou strive against him? for he giveth not account of any of his matters. he giveth: Heb. he answereth not

Job 33:13 · KJV


Context

11

He putteth my feet in the stocks, he marketh all my paths.

12

Behold, in this thou art not just: I will answer thee, that God is greater than man.

13

Why dost thou strive against him? for he giveth not account of any of his matters. he giveth: Heb. he answereth not

14

For God speaketh once, yea twice, yet man perceiveth it not.

15

In a dream, in a vision of the night, when deep sleep falleth upon men, in slumberings upon the bed;


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Why dost thou strive against him? (מַדּוּעַ אֵלָיו רִיבוֹתָ, maddua elav rivota)—Elihu challenges Job's contention with God. רִיב (riv, 'strive') means to contend legally, to bring charges or lawsuit—the same term for covenant disputes (Micah 6:1-2). מַדּוּעַ (maddua, 'why?') demands justification for Job's complaints. Job had repeatedly demanded to argue his case before God (13:3, 13-19, 23:3-7, 31:35-37). Elihu exposes the absurdity: creatures cannot successfully prosecute Creator.

For he giveth not account of any of his matters (כִּי־כָל־דְּבָרָיו לֹא־יַעֲנֶה, ki-kol-devarav lo-ya'aneh)—עָנָה (anah, 'give account/answer') means to respond or explain. God owes no explanations to His creatures. This establishes divine sovereignty and transcendence: God's wisdom infinitely exceeds human understanding. דָּבָר (davar, 'matters/words') encompasses God's decrees, actions, and purposes. The phrase doesn't mean God never reveals His purposes (He does through Scripture, providence, and ultimately Christ), but that He's under no obligation to explain every action to finite creatures.

This verse articulates Reformed theology's emphasis on divine sovereignty and incomprehensibility. God is not accountable to human courts—we are accountable to His. Job's demand for explanation reflected proper theology (covenant relationship allows bold prayer) but improper attitude (demanding God justify Himself). Elihu corrects the imbalance without dismissing Job's pain.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern kings were absolute monarchs who answered to no one. Unlike pagan deities who were subject to fate or cosmic forces, YHWH is sovereign over all creation, bound only by His own character and promises. The book of Job addresses theodicy—how can a just, omnipotent God permit innocent suffering? Elihu's answer: God's purposes transcend human understanding; trust His character even when His ways are mysterious (anticipating Romans 11:33-36).

Reflection Questions

  1. When have you demanded God explain His actions—what was the result?
  2. How do we balance bold prayer (bringing complaints to God) with humble submission to His sovereignty?
  3. What does it mean that God doesn't 'give account'—does this make Him arbitrary or transcendent?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
מַ֭דּוּעַ1 of 8
H4069

what (is) known?; i.e., (by implication) (adverbially) why?

אֵלָ֣יו2 of 8
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

רִיב֑וֹתָ3 of 8

Why dost thou strive

H7378

properly, to toss, i.e., grapple; mostly figuratively, to wrangle, i.e., hold a controversy; (by implication) to defend

כִּ֥י4 of 8
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

כָל5 of 8
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

דְּ֝בָרָ֗יו6 of 8

of any of his matters

H1697

a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause

לֹ֣א7 of 8
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יַעֲנֶֽה׃8 of 8

against him for he giveth not account

H6030

properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e., pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extension to begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout,


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Job. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Job 33:13 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Job 33:13 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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