King James Version

What Does Job 24:14 Mean?

Job 24:14 in the King James Version says “The murderer rising with the light killeth the poor and needy, and in the night is as a thief. — study this verse from Job chapter 24 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

The murderer rising with the light killeth the poor and needy, and in the night is as a thief.

Job 24:14 · King James Version


Context

12

Men groan from out of the city, and the soul of the wounded crieth out: yet God layeth not folly to them.

13

They are of those that rebel against the light; they know not the ways thereof, nor abide in the paths thereof.

14

The murderer rising with the light killeth the poor and needy, and in the night is as a thief.

15

The eye also of the adulterer waiteth for the twilight, saying, No eye shall see me: and disguiseth his face. disguiseth: Heb. setteth his face in secret

16

In the dark they dig through houses, which they had marked for themselves in the daytime: they know not the light.


Commentaries4 scholars

KJV Study CommentaryPublic Domain
The murderer rising with the light killeth the poor and needy—Job catalogs violent crimes beginning at dawn. The Hebrew rotseach (רֹצֵחַ, murderer) refers to premeditated killing, distinct from accidental manslaughter. The phrase "rising with the light" (יָקוּם לָאוֹר) depicts predators who hunt at daybreak when victims are vulnerable. Job's point cuts deep: the wicked exploit the defenseless poor (ani, עָנִי) and needy (evyon, אֶבְיוֹן)—those without social protection. This contradicts the retribution theology Job's friends espouse.

In the night is as a thief—The same murderer operates nocturnally as a thief (gannav, גַּנָּב). Job challenges divine justice by noting that oppressors function openly by day and covertly by night, yet prosper unpunished. This anticipates Jesus's teaching that thieves come "to steal, and to kill, and to destroy" (John 10:10), though Christ offers abundant life. Job's lament forces us to confront theodicy: Why does God permit the violent to thrive while the righteous suffer?

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Job 24 forms part of Job's final response to Eliphaz (chapters 23-24), composed around 2000-1800 BC during the patriarchal period. Job catalogues social injustices—murder, theft, adultery, oppression of widows and orphans—that go unpunished, directly challenging the retribution principle that suffering always indicates sin. In the Ancient Near East, dawn raids on vulnerable populations were common in tribal conflicts, and night theft plagued agrarian societies lacking modern security.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Job's honest lament about unpunished evil give us permission to bring our hardest questions to God?
  2. Why does God permit the wicked to prosper while the righteous suffer in this present age?
  3. In what ways does Christ's victory over evil provide the ultimate answer to Job's theodicy questions?

Compare 4 commentaries from different scholars and time periods for a richer understanding.


Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 9 words
לָא֡וֹר1 of 9

with the light

H216

illumination or (concrete) luminary (in every sense, including lightning, happiness, etc.)

יָ֘ק֤וּם2 of 9

rising

H6965

to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)

רוֹצֵ֗חַ3 of 9

The murderer

H7523

properly, to dash in pieces, i.e., kill (a human being), especially to murder

יִֽקְטָל4 of 9

killeth

H6991

properly, to cut off, i.e., (figuratively) put to death

עָנִ֥י5 of 9

the poor

H6041

depressed, in mind or circumstances

וְאֶבְי֑וֹן6 of 9

and needy

H34

destitute

וּ֝בַלַּ֗יְלָה7 of 9

and in the night

H3915

properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e., night; figuratively, adversity

יְהִ֣י8 of 9
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

כַגַּנָּֽב׃9 of 9

is as a thief

H1590

a stealer


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Job. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Job 24:14 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Job 24:14 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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