King James Version

What Does Job 23:17 Mean?

Job 23:17 in the King James Version says “Because I was not cut off before the darkness, neither hath he covered the darkness from my face. — study this verse from Job chapter 23 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Because I was not cut off before the darkness, neither hath he covered the darkness from my face.

Job 23:17 · KJV


Context

15

Therefore am I troubled at his presence: when I consider, I am afraid of him.

16

For God maketh my heart soft, and the Almighty troubleth me:

17

Because I was not cut off before the darkness, neither hath he covered the darkness from my face.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Because I was not cut off before the darkness (כִּי־לֹא נִצְמַתִּי מִפְּנֵי־חֹשֶׁךְ, ki-lo nitsmatiy mippene-choshek)—The verb tsamat (צָמַת) means "to be cut off, destroyed, silenced." Job wishes he had died before suffering began. The noun choshek (חֹשֶׁךְ, darkness) represents calamity, not physical night. The phrase neither hath he covered the darkness from my face (וּמִפָּנַי כִּסָּה־אֹפֶל) intensifies: God hasn't even veiled the horror. The word ophel (אֹפֶל) is thick darkness, gloom. Job experiences what Amos threatened: "the day of the LORD is darkness, and not light" (Amos 5:18).

This is proto-suicidal ideation, wishing for death over continued suffering. Job's righteous spirit prefers non-existence to experiencing God's wrath—the ultimate horror. Jeremiah echoed this: "cursed be the day wherein I was born" (Jeremiah 20:14). Only Christ transforms this: He entered ophel on the cross (Matthew 27:45), experiencing God-forsakenness so believers need never pray for death as relief from divine wrath.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Darkness as divine judgment is a consistent biblical theme: Egypt's plague (Exodus 10:21-23), eschatological judgment (Joel 2:2, Zephaniah 1:15), and Christ's crucifixion (Matthew 27:45). Job experiences darkness as unrelieved present reality. Ancient Near Eastern cultures feared darkness as the realm of chaos and death, but Job's terror is theological—God is present in the darkness as Judge.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Christ's experience of darkness on the cross (Matthew 27:45-46) redeem suffering?
  2. What comfort does Job 23 offer to believers experiencing spiritual darkness?
  3. How should we respond when God doesn't 'cover' our suffering but allows us to experience it fully?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
כִּֽי1 of 8
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

לֹ֣א2 of 8
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

נִ֭צְמַתִּי3 of 8

Because I was not cut off

H6789

to extirpate (literally or figuratively)

וּ֝מִפָּנַ֗י4 of 8

before

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

חֹ֑שֶׁךְ5 of 8

the darkness

H2822

the dark; hence (literally) darkness; figuratively, misery, destruction, death, ignorance, sorrow, wickedness

וּ֝מִפָּנַ֗י6 of 8

before

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

כִּסָּה7 of 8

neither hath he covered

H3680

properly, to plump, i.e., fill up hollows; by implication, to cover (for clothing or secrecy)

אֹֽפֶל׃8 of 8

the darkness

H652

dusk


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Job. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Job 23:17 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Job 23:17 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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