King James Version

What Does Jeremiah 50:41 Mean?

Jeremiah 50:41 in the King James Version says “Behold, a people shall come from the north, and a great nation, and many kings shall be raised up from the coasts of the... — study this verse from Jeremiah chapter 50 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Behold, a people shall come from the north, and a great nation, and many kings shall be raised up from the coasts of the earth.

Jeremiah 50:41 · KJV


Context

39

Therefore the wild beasts of the desert with the wild beasts of the islands shall dwell there, and the owls shall dwell therein: and it shall be no more inhabited for ever; neither shall it be dwelt in from generation to generation.

40

As God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah and the neighbour cities thereof, saith the LORD; so shall no man abide there, neither shall any son of man dwell therein.

41

Behold, a people shall come from the north, and a great nation, and many kings shall be raised up from the coasts of the earth.

42

They shall hold the bow and the lance: they are cruel, and will not shew mercy: their voice shall roar like the sea, and they shall ride upon horses, every one put in array, like a man to the battle, against thee, O daughter of Babylon.

43

The king of Babylon hath heard the report of them, and his hands waxed feeble: anguish took hold of him, and pangs as of a woman in travail.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Behold, a people shall come from the north (הִנֵּה עַם בָּא מִצָּפוֹן, hinneh am ba mittsafon)—The 'foe from the north' motif used for Babylon attacking Jerusalem (1:14-15, 4:6, 6:1) is now inverted: a northern coalition attacks Babylon. And a great nation, and many kings shall be raised up from the coasts of the earth (וְגוֹי גָּדוֹל וּמְלָכִים רַבִּים יֵעֹרוּ מִיַּרְכְּתֵי־אָרֶץ, v'goy gadol um'lakhim rabbim ye'oru miyarketei-arets)—The Medo-Persian empire under Cyrus indeed represented a coalition: Medes, Persians, and subject peoples from earth's 'coasts' (remote regions).

The verb ur (to rouse, awaken) indicates God's agency—He stirs up Babylon's conquerors. This echoes Isaiah 13:17 ('I will stir up the Medes against them'). History's actors think they move autonomously; Scripture reveals God's hand orchestrating their steps. Cyrus didn't know he fulfilled prophecy (Isaiah 45:4), yet God directed every decision. This truth should comfort God's people: our enemies are on His leash.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Cyrus the Persian formed alliance with Medes (Astyages's kingdom) and conquered Lydia (546 BC), creating the vast Persian Empire. His coalition included diverse peoples: Elamites, Babylonians (rebels), Greeks (Ionian mercenaries). This multinational force fulfilled the 'many kings' prophecy against Babylon.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the reversal of the 'foe from the north' demonstrate God's poetic justice in judgment?
  2. What does God 'raising up' pagan kings reveal about His sovereignty over international politics?
  3. How should Christians respond when God uses ungodly powers to discipline other ungodly powers?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
הִנֵּ֛ה1 of 11
H2009

lo!

עַ֥ם2 of 11

Behold a people

H5971

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

בָּ֖א3 of 11

shall come

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

מִצָּפ֑וֹן4 of 11

from the north

H6828

properly, hidden, i.e., dark; used only of the north as a quarter (gloomy and unknown)

וְג֤וֹי5 of 11

nation

H1471

a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts

גָּדוֹל֙6 of 11

and a great

H1419

great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent

וּמְלָכִ֣ים7 of 11

kings

H4428

a king

רַבִּ֔ים8 of 11

and many

H7227

abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)

יֵעֹ֖רוּ9 of 11

shall be raised up

H5782

to wake (literally or figuratively)

מִיַּרְכְּתֵי10 of 11

from the coasts

H3411

properly, the flank; but used only figuratively, the rear or recess

אָֽרֶץ׃11 of 11

of the earth

H776

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Jeremiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Jeremiah 50:41 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Jeremiah 50:41 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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