King James Version

What Does Jeremiah 49:36 Mean?

Jeremiah 49:36 in the King James Version says “And upon Elam will I bring the four winds from the four quarters of heaven, and will scatter them toward all those winds... — study this verse from Jeremiah chapter 49 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And upon Elam will I bring the four winds from the four quarters of heaven, and will scatter them toward all those winds; and there shall be no nation whither the outcasts of Elam shall not come.

Jeremiah 49:36 · King James Version


Context

34

The word of the LORD that came to Jeremiah the prophet against Elam in the beginning of the reign of Zedekiah king of Judah, saying,

35

Thus saith the LORD of hosts; Behold, I will break the bow of Elam, the chief of their might.

36

And upon Elam will I bring the four winds from the four quarters of heaven, and will scatter them toward all those winds; and there shall be no nation whither the outcasts of Elam shall not come.

37

For I will cause Elam to be dismayed before their enemies, and before them that seek their life: and I will bring evil upon them, even my fierce anger, saith the LORD; and I will send the sword after them, till I have consumed them:

38

And I will set my throne in Elam, and will destroy from thence the king and the princes, saith the LORD.


Commentaries4 scholars

KJV Study CommentaryPublic Domain
And upon Elam will I bring the four winds from the four quarters of heaven (וְהֵבֵאתִי אֶל־עֵילָם אַרְבַּע רוּחוֹת מֵאַרְבַּע קְצוֹת הַשָּׁמַיִם, v'heveti el-Elam arba ruchot me'arba q'tsot hashamayim)—The four winds symbolize comprehensive, omnidirectional judgment from all compass points. God weaponizes cosmic forces against Elam. And will scatter them toward all those winds (וְזֵרִתִים לְכָל־הָרֻחוֹת, v'zeritim l'khol-haruchot)—dispersal to match the fourfold assault.

And there shall be no nation whither the outcasts of Elam shall not come (וְלֹא־יִהְיֶה הַגּוֹי אֲשֶׁר לֹא־יָבוֹא שָׁם נִדְּחֵי עֵילָם, v'lo-yihyeh haggoy asher lo-yavo sham niddechei Elam)—Elamite refugees will be globally dispersed, present in every nation. This scattering recalls Israel's diaspora (Deuteronomy 28:64) but applied to a Gentile nation, demonstrating that exile is God's universal judgment tool for covenant breakers—and Elam, like all nations, was accountable to creation covenant (Genesis 9).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Elamites appear scattered throughout Persian and Hellenistic periods. Acts 2:9 mentions Elamites among the Pentecost crowd, confirming Jewish-era diaspora. While Elam never regained political independence, Elamite language and people persisted in various regions, fulfilling this global scattering prophecy.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does the 'four winds' imagery teach about the comprehensiveness and inescapability of God's judgments?
  2. How does Elam's scattering parallel Israel's exile, and what does this reveal about universal accountability to God?
  3. In what sense do even Gentile nations break 'covenant' and face covenant curses?

Compare 4 commentaries from different scholars and time periods for a richer understanding.


Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 21 words
יָב֥וֹא1 of 21

shall not come

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

אֶל2 of 21
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

עֵולָֽם׃3 of 21

And upon Elam

H5867

elam, a son of shem and his descendants, with their country; also of six israelites

מֵֽאַרְבַּע֙4 of 21

from the four

H702

four

הָרֻח֣וֹת5 of 21

them toward all those winds

H7307

wind; by resemblance breath, i.e., a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the

מֵֽאַרְבַּע֙6 of 21

from the four

H702

four

קְצ֣וֹת7 of 21

quarters

H7098

a termination

הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם8 of 21

of heaven

H8064

the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies r

וְזֵ֣רִתִ֔ים9 of 21

and will scatter

H2219

to toss about; by implication, to diffuse, winnow

לְכֹ֖ל10 of 21
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

הָרֻח֣וֹת11 of 21

them toward all those winds

H7307

wind; by resemblance breath, i.e., a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the

הָאֵ֑לֶּה12 of 21
H428

these or those

וְלֹֽא13 of 21
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יִהְיֶ֣ה14 of 21
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

הַגּ֔וֹי15 of 21

and there shall be no nation

H1471

a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts

אֲשֶׁ֛ר16 of 21
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

לֹֽא17 of 21
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יָב֥וֹא18 of 21

shall not come

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

שָׁ֖ם19 of 21
H8033

there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence

נִדְּחֵ֥י20 of 21

whither the outcasts

H5080

to push off; used in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively (to expel, mislead, strike, inflict, etc.)

עֵולָֽם׃21 of 21

And upon Elam

H5867

elam, a son of shem and his descendants, with their country; also of six israelites


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Jeremiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Jeremiah 49:36 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Jeremiah 49:36 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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