King James Version

What Does Jeremiah 10:21 Mean?

Jeremiah 10:21 in the King James Version says “For the pastors are become brutish, and have not sought the LORD: therefore they shall not prosper, and all their flocks... — study this verse from Jeremiah chapter 10 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

For the pastors are become brutish, and have not sought the LORD: therefore they shall not prosper, and all their flocks shall be scattered.

Jeremiah 10:21 · KJV


Context

19

Woe is me for my hurt! my wound is grievous: but I said, Truly this is a grief, and I must bear it.

20

My tabernacle is spoiled, and all my cords are broken: my children are gone forth of me, and they are not: there is none to stretch forth my tent any more, and to set up my curtains.

21

For the pastors are become brutish, and have not sought the LORD: therefore they shall not prosper, and all their flocks shall be scattered.

22

Behold, the noise of the bruit is come, and a great commotion out of the north country, to make the cities of Judah desolate, and a den of dragons.

23

O LORD, I know that the way of man is not in himself: it is not in man that walketh to direct his steps.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
This verse indicts leaders: 'For the pastors are become brutish, and have not sought the LORD.' 'Pastors' (ro'im, רֹעִים, shepherds) are political and religious leaders. 'Brutish' (nivaru) indicates stupid, senseless—lacking understanding their position required. 'Not sought the LORD' (lo dareshu eth-YHWH) means they failed to inquire of God for guidance. 'Therefore they shall not prosper, and all their flocks shall be scattered.' Leadership failure produces national disaster—shepherds' foolishness scatters their sheep. The promised consequence—lack of prosperity and scattered flocks—exactly describes exile's result.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Jeremiah frequently indicts Judah's 'shepherds'—kings, priests, prophets who misled the nation (2:8, 23:1-4, 25:34-36). The shepherd metaphor was common ancient Near Eastern royal imagery. Judah's final kings (Jehoiakim, Jehoiachin, Zedekiah) exemplified failed leadership—ignoring prophetic warning, pursuing foolish alliances, bringing destruction upon their 'flock.'

Reflection Questions

  1. What marks 'brutish' leadership that fails to 'seek the LORD'?
  2. How does leadership failure multiply suffering throughout the community?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 14 words
כִּ֤י1 of 14
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

נִבְעֲרוּ֙2 of 14

are become brutish

H1197

to be(-come) brutish

הָֽרֹעִ֔ים3 of 14

For the pastors

H7462

to tend a flock; i.e., pasture it; intransitively, to graze (literally or figuratively); generally to rule; by extension, to associate with (as a frie

וְאֶת4 of 14
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

יְהוָ֖ה5 of 14

the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

לֹ֣א6 of 14
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

דָרָ֑שׁוּ7 of 14

and have not sought

H1875

properly, to tread or frequent; usually to follow (for pursuit or search); by implication, to seek or ask; specifically to worship

עַל8 of 14
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

כֵּן֙9 of 14
H3651

properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner

לֹ֣א10 of 14
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

הִשְׂכִּ֔ילוּ11 of 14

therefore they shall not prosper

H7919

to be (causatively, make or act) circumspect and hence, intelligent

וְכָל12 of 14
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

מַרְעִיתָ֖ם13 of 14

and all their flocks

H4830

pasturage; concretely, a flock

נָפֽוֹצָה׃14 of 14

shall be scattered

H6327

to dash in pieces, literally or figuratively (especially to disperse)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Jeremiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Jeremiah 10:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Jeremiah 10:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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