King James Version

What Does Isaiah 9:11 Mean?

Isaiah 9:11 in the King James Version says “Therefore the LORD shall set up the adversaries of Rezin against him, and join his enemies together; join: Heb. mingle — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 9 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Therefore the LORD shall set up the adversaries of Rezin against him, and join his enemies together; join: Heb. mingle

Isaiah 9:11 · KJV


Context

9

And all the people shall know, even Ephraim and the inhabitant of Samaria, that say in the pride and stoutness of heart,

10

The bricks are fallen down, but we will build with hewn stones: the sycomores are cut down, but we will change them into cedars.

11

Therefore the LORD shall set up the adversaries of Rezin against him, and join his enemies together; join: Heb. mingle

12

The Syrians before, and the Philistines behind; and they shall devour Israel with open mouth. For all this his anger is not turned away, but his hand is stretched out still. open: Heb. whole

13

For the people turneth not unto him that smiteth them, neither do they seek the LORD of hosts.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
God responds to pride by intensifying judgment. 'Therefore' indicates consequence—pride brings escalation. 'Set up the adversaries of Rezin against him' refers to Assyria defeating Syria, then turning on Israel who had allied with Syria. 'Join his enemies together' suggests coalitions forming against Israel. God sovereignly orchestrates historical events to accomplish His purposes, even using pagan nations as judgment instruments. This demonstrates the Reformed doctrine of providence—God governs all events, including enemy actions, to fulfill His purposes.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Rezin of Syria allied with Pekah of Israel against Assyria (735-732 BC). God raised up Assyria to defeat Syria first (732 BC), then turn on Israel. The 'adversaries' included not only Assyria but also various peoples Assyria mobilized. By 722 BC, Samaria fell. God's sovereign control over international politics accomplished His declared purposes with precision. The nations were pawns in God's hands, unknowingly executing His judgments.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God sovereignly use even hostile nations and individuals to accomplish His purposes?
  2. What does divine providence teach about God's complete control over historical events?
  3. How should recognition of God's sovereignty over nations affect our view of current events?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 9 words
וַיְשַׂגֵּ֧ב1 of 9

shall set up

H7682

to be (causatively, make) lofty, especially inaccessible; by implication, safe, strong; used literally and figuratively

יְהוָ֛ה2 of 9

Therefore the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֶת3 of 9
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

צָרֵ֥י4 of 9

the adversaries

H6862

a pebble (as in h6864)

רְצִ֖ין5 of 9

of Rezin

H7526

retsin, the name of a syrian and of an israelite

עָלָ֑יו6 of 9
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

וְאֶת7 of 9
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

אֹיְבָ֖יו8 of 9

his enemies

H341

hating; an adversary

יְסַכְסֵֽךְ׃9 of 9

against him and join

H5526

properly, to entwine as a screen; by implication, to fence in, cover over, (figuratively) protect


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 9:11 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 9:11 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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