King James Version

What Does Isaiah 37:38 Mean?

Isaiah 37:38 in the King James Version says “And it came to pass, as he was worshipping in the house of Nisroch his god, that Adrammelech and Sharezer his sons smote... — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 37 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And it came to pass, as he was worshipping in the house of Nisroch his god, that Adrammelech and Sharezer his sons smote him with the sword; and they escaped into the land of Armenia: and Esarhaddon his son reigned in his stead. Armenia: Heb. Ararat

Isaiah 37:38 · KJV


Context

36

Then the angel of the LORD went forth, and smote in the camp of the Assyrians a hundred and fourscore and five thousand: and when they arose early in the morning, behold, they were all dead corpses.

37

So Sennacherib king of Assyria departed, and went and returned, and dwelt at Nineveh.

38

And it came to pass, as he was worshipping in the house of Nisroch his god, that Adrammelech and Sharezer his sons smote him with the sword; and they escaped into the land of Armenia: and Esarhaddon his son reigned in his stead. Armenia: Heb. Ararat


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The final judgment "as he was worshipping in the house of Nisroch his god" shows ironic timing—Sennacherib is killed while honoring the deity that couldn't protect him. "Adrammelech and Sharezer his sons smote him with the sword" fulfills God's prophecy (verse 7) precisely. Assassination by his own sons demonstrates that fleeing God's judgment provides no safety. "Esarhaddon his son reigned in his stead" shows dynastic instability. The detailed fulfillment validates Isaiah's prophetic authority and God's sovereign control over history.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Assyrian records confirm Sennacherib's assassination in 681 BC, twenty years after the Jerusalem campaign. Esarhaddon's inscriptions mention putting down a rebellion, likely by his brothers.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does precise fulfillment of prophecy demonstrate God's control over history?
  2. What does judgment finding Sennacherib even in his god's temple teach about the inability to escape God?
  3. How should fulfilled prophecy strengthen our confidence in unfulfilled biblical promises?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 20 words
וַיְהִי֩1 of 20
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

ה֨וּא2 of 20
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

מִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֜ה3 of 20

And it came to pass as he was worshipping

H7812

to depress, i.e., prostrate (especially reflexive, in homage to royalty or god)

בֵּ֣ית׀4 of 20

in the house

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

נִסְרֹ֣ךְ5 of 20

of Nisroch

H5268

nisrok, a babylonian idol

אֱלֹהָ֗יו6 of 20

his god

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

וְֽאַדְרַמֶּ֨לֶךְ7 of 20

that Adrammelech

H152

adrammelek, the name of an assyrian idol, also of a son of sennacherib

וְשַׂרְאֶ֤צֶר8 of 20

and Sharezer

H8272

sharetser, the name of an assyrian and an israelite

בְּנ֖וֹ9 of 20

his son

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

הִכֻּ֣הוּ10 of 20

smote

H5221

to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)

בַחֶ֔רֶב11 of 20

him with the sword

H2719

drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or other sharp implement

וְהֵ֥מָּה12 of 20
H1992

they (only used when emphatic)

נִמְלְט֖וּ13 of 20

and they escaped

H4422

properly, to be smooth, i.e., (by implication) to escape (as if by slipperiness); causatively, to release or rescue; specifically, to bring forth youn

אֶ֣רֶץ14 of 20

into the land

H776

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

אֲרָרָ֑ט15 of 20

of Armenia

H780

ararat (or rather armenia)

וַיִּמְלֹ֛ךְ16 of 20

reigned

H4427

to reign; hence (by implication) to take counsel

אֵֽסַר17 of 20
H0
חַדֹּ֥ן18 of 20

and Esarhaddon

H634

esar-chaddon, an assyrian king

בְּנ֖וֹ19 of 20

his son

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

תַּחְתָּֽיו׃20 of 20
H8478

the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 37:38 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 37:38 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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