King James Version

What Does Isaiah 23:13 Mean?

Isaiah 23:13 in the King James Version says “Behold the land of the Chaldeans; this people was not, till the Assyrian founded it for them that dwell in the wildernes... — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 23 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Behold the land of the Chaldeans; this people was not, till the Assyrian founded it for them that dwell in the wilderness: they set up the towers thereof, they raised up the palaces thereof; and he brought it to ruin.

Isaiah 23:13 · KJV


Context

11

He stretched out his hand over the sea, he shook the kingdoms: the LORD hath given a commandment against the merchant city, to destroy the strong holds thereof. against: or, concerning a merchantman the merchant city: Heb. Canaan strong: or, strengths

12

And he said, Thou shalt no more rejoice, O thou oppressed virgin, daughter of Zidon: arise, pass over to Chittim; there also shalt thou have no rest.

13

Behold the land of the Chaldeans; this people was not, till the Assyrian founded it for them that dwell in the wilderness: they set up the towers thereof, they raised up the palaces thereof; and he brought it to ruin.

14

Howl, ye ships of Tarshish: for your strength is laid waste.

15

And it shall come to pass in that day, that Tyre shall be forgotten seventy years, according to the days of one king: after the end of seventy years shall Tyre sing as an harlot. shall Tyre: Heb. it shall be unto Tyre as the song of an harlot


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Behold the land of the Chaldeans; this people was not—The Chaldeans (כַּשְׂדִּים, Kasdim) were relative newcomers to power. The phrase 'was not' (lo hayah) means they were insignificant, not a recognized nation. Till the Assyrian founded it for them that dwell in the wilderness—This historical note is debated: some see it as Assyria founding what would become Babylon's power; others as Assyria's attempt to settle nomadic Aramean tribes. Either way, the point is clear: upstart Chaldeans, recently organized, now destroy ancient Tyre.

They set up the towers thereof, they raised up the palaces thereof; and he brought it to ruin—The 'they/he' confusion in Hebrew manuscripts reflects complex fulfillment: Assyria weakened Tyre; Babylon (Chaldean) destroyed her; Alexander (Greek) finished the work. The theological lesson transcends historical details: God raises up new powers to judge old powers. No empire is permanent. Those who trust in antiquity, cultural achievement, or past glory miss the point—all human kingdoms serve God's purposes and are discarded when that purpose is fulfilled. Babylon itself would fall to Persia (Isaiah 21); Persia to Greece; Greece to Rome; Rome to barbarians. Only God's kingdom endures forever (Daniel 2:44).

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Historical & Cultural Context

The Neo-Babylonian (Chaldean) Empire under Nabopolassar and Nebuchadnezzar (626-539 BC) rose suddenly after Assyria's collapse. Within decades, this 'insignificant' people dominated the ancient Near East. Their rapid rise and fall (less than a century of dominance) illustrates the transience of human empires—a theme Daniel's visions elaborate.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the rise and fall of empires demonstrate that political power is temporary and serves God's larger purposes?
  2. What comfort and warning does this verse provide: comfort that oppressive powers won't last; warning that judgment comes from unexpected quarters?
  3. How should the temporary nature of all human governments shape Christian political engagement and expectations?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 16 words
הֵ֣ן׀1 of 16
H2005

lo!; also (as expressing surprise) if

אֶ֣רֶץ2 of 16

Behold the land

H776

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

כַּשְׂדִּ֗ים3 of 16

of the Chaldeans

H3778

a kasdite, or descendant of kesed; by implication, a chaldaean (as if so descended); also an astrologer (as if proverbial of that people

זֶ֤ה4 of 16
H2088

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

הָעָם֙5 of 16

this people

H5971

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

לֹ֣א6 of 16
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

הָיָ֔ה7 of 16
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

אַשּׁ֖וּר8 of 16

was not till the Assyrian

H804

ashshur, the second son of shem; also his descendants and the country occupied by them (i.e., assyria), its region and its empire

יְסָדָ֣הּ9 of 16

founded

H3245

to set (literally or figuratively); intensively, to found; reflexively, to sit down together, i.e., settle, consult

לְצִיִּ֑ים10 of 16

it for them that dwell in the wilderness

H6728

a desert-dweller, i.e., nomad or wild beast

הֵקִ֣ימוּ11 of 16

they set up

H6965

to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)

בַחיּנָ֗יו12 of 16

the towers

H971

a watch-tower of besiegers

עֽוֹרְרוּ֙13 of 16

thereof they raised up

H6209

to bare; figuratively, to demolish

אַרְמְנוֹתֶ֔יהָ14 of 16

the palaces

H759

a citadel (from its height)

שָׂמָ֖הּ15 of 16

thereof and he brought

H7760

to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)

לְמַפֵּלָֽה׃16 of 16

it to ruin

H4654

something fallen, i.e., a ruin


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 23:13 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 23:13 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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