King James Version

What Does Isaiah 10:7 Mean?

Isaiah 10:7 in the King James Version says “Howbeit he meaneth not so, neither doth his heart think so; but it is in his heart to destroy and cut off nations not a ... — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 10 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Howbeit he meaneth not so, neither doth his heart think so; but it is in his heart to destroy and cut off nations not a few.

Isaiah 10:7 · KJV


Context

5

O Assyrian, the rod of mine anger, and the staff in their hand is mine indignation. O: or, Woe to the Assyrian: Heb. Asshur and: or, though

6

I will send him against an hypocritical nation, and against the people of my wrath will I give him a charge, to take the spoil, and to take the prey, and to tread them down like the mire of the streets. tread: Heb. lay them a treading

7

Howbeit he meaneth not so, neither doth his heart think so; but it is in his heart to destroy and cut off nations not a few.

8

For he saith, Are not my princes altogether kings?

9

Is not Calno as Carchemish? is not Hamath as Arpad? is not Samaria as Damascus?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Despite being God's instrument, Assyria doesn't recognize this role. 'Howbeit he meaneth not so' indicates Assyria's ignorance of God's purposes. 'Neither doth his heart think so' shows their intentions differ from God's. 'His heart is to destroy and cut off nations not a few' reveals Assyria's imperial ambition—they seek conquest for glory and wealth, not to serve God's justice. This demonstrates how God's sovereignty works through secondary causes—agents act from their own motives while accomplishing God's purposes.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Assyrian annals boast of conquests, tribute, and imperial glory—never acknowledging serving Israel's God. Sennacherib's inscriptions glorify Assyrian gods and his own prowess. Kings like Tiglath-Pileser III and Sargon II thought they built empire through military superiority, unaware they fulfilled prophecy. This pattern recurs throughout Scripture—Cyrus, Nebuchadnezzar, Pilate—all unwittingly serve God's plan while pursuing their own aims.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God accomplish His purposes through people who don't acknowledge Him?
  2. What does this teach about divine sovereignty working through human free agency?
  3. How might God be using current events to accomplish purposes we don't yet understand?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 15 words
וְהוּא֙1 of 15
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

לֹא2 of 15
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

כֵ֣ן3 of 15
H3651

properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner

יְדַמֶּ֔ה4 of 15

Howbeit he meaneth

H1819

to compare; by implication, to resemble, liken, consider

בִּלְבָב֔וֹ5 of 15

not so neither doth his heart

H3824

the heart (as the most interior organ)

לֹא6 of 15
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

כֵ֣ן7 of 15
H3651

properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner

יַחְשֹׁ֑ב8 of 15

think

H2803

properly, to plait or interpenetrate, i.e., (literally) to weave or (generally) to fabricate; figuratively, to plot or contrive (usually in a maliciou

כִּ֚י9 of 15
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

לְהַשְׁמִ֣יד10 of 15

to destroy

H8045

to desolate

בִּלְבָב֔וֹ11 of 15

not so neither doth his heart

H3824

the heart (as the most interior organ)

וּלְהַכְרִ֥ית12 of 15

and cut off

H3772

to cut (off, down or asunder); by implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to covenant (i.e., make an alliance or bargain, originally by cutt

גּוֹיִ֖ם13 of 15

nations

H1471

a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts

לֹ֥א14 of 15
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

מְעָֽט׃15 of 15

not a few

H4592

a little or few (often adverbial or comparative)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 10:7 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 10:7 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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