King James Version

What Does Isaiah 2:9 Mean?

Isaiah 2:9 in the King James Version says “And the mean man boweth down, and the great man humbleth himself: therefore forgive them not. — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And the mean man boweth down, and the great man humbleth himself: therefore forgive them not.

Isaiah 2:9 · KJV


Context

7

Their land also is full of silver and gold, neither is there any end of their treasures; their land is also full of horses, neither is there any end of their chariots:

8

Their land also is full of idols; they worship the work of their own hands, that which their own fingers have made:

9

And the mean man boweth down, and the great man humbleth himself: therefore forgive them not.

10

Enter into the rock, and hide thee in the dust, for fear of the LORD, and for the glory of his majesty.

11

The lofty looks of man shall be humbled, and the haughtiness of men shall be bowed down, and the LORD alone shall be exalted in that day.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The dual action—'boweth down' and 'humbleth himself'—describes self-abasement before idols, inverting proper worship where humans stand upright before God through Christ's mediation. The plea 'forgive them not' (absent in some manuscripts) seems harsh but reflects covenantal judgment: persistent impenitence forfeits mercy. This anticipates Jesus' teaching that blasphemy against the Spirit—persistent rejection of conviction—remains unforgivable (Matthew 12:31-32). God's forgiveness, while freely offered, requires repentant reception; those who refuse to bow to God will remain bowing to idols.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Isaiah's era witnessed both royal apostasy (Ahaz) and reform (Hezekiah), demonstrating mixed response to prophetic call. Those persisting in idolatry despite warning faced covenant curses.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do we distinguish between appropriate humility and self-abasement before false gods?
  2. What does the severity of this judgment teach about the seriousness with which God views idolatry?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
וַיִּשַּׁ֥ח1 of 7

boweth down

H7817

to sink or depress (reflexive or causative)

אָדָ֖ם2 of 7

And the mean man

H120

ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)

וַיִּשְׁפַּל3 of 7

humbleth

H8213

to depress or sink (especially figuratively, to humiliate, intransitive or transitive)

אִ֑ישׁ4 of 7

and the great man

H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

וְאַל5 of 7
H408

not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing

תִּשָּׂ֖א6 of 7

himself therefore forgive

H5375

to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative

לָהֶֽם׃7 of 7
H0

Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 2:9 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 2:9 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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