King James Version

What Does Isaiah 14:11 Mean?

Isaiah 14:11 in the King James Version says “Thy pomp is brought down to the grave, and the noise of thy viols: the worm is spread under thee, and the worms cover th... — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 14 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Thy pomp is brought down to the grave, and the noise of thy viols: the worm is spread under thee, and the worms cover thee.

Isaiah 14:11 · KJV


Context

9

Hell from beneath is moved for thee to meet thee at thy coming: it stirreth up the dead for thee, even all the chief ones of the earth; it hath raised up from their thrones all the kings of the nations. Hell: or, The grave chief: Heb. leaders, or, great goats

10

All they shall speak and say unto thee, Art thou also become weak as we? art thou become like unto us?

11

Thy pomp is brought down to the grave, and the noise of thy viols: the worm is spread under thee, and the worms cover thee.

12

How art thou fallen from heaven, O Lucifer, son of the morning ! how art thou cut down to the ground, which didst weaken the nations! O Lucifer: or, O day star

13

For thou hast said in thine heart, I will ascend into heaven, I will exalt my throne above the stars of God: I will sit also upon the mount of the congregation, in the sides of the north:


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
'Thy pomp is brought down to the grave, and the noise of thy viols: the worm is spread under thee, and the worms cover thee.' From earthly splendor—pomp (magnificence, pride), viols (music, celebration)—to grave's horror: worms above and below. This is not just death but degradation. 'Pomp' (ga'on—can mean pride, majesty, arrogance) descends to Sheol; music (literally 'sound/noise of your harps') is silenced. Instead, worms—Hebrew uses two different words: rimmah (maggot) underneath, tole'ah (worm) as covering. The body that wore royal robes now wears worms; the one surrounded by luxury is surrounded by decay. This is the end of all earthly glory apart from God.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern royal courts were marked by extravagant display—music, feasting, opulent dress, magnificent palaces. Babylon particularly was famous for wealth and splendor. Yet death reduces all to worms and decay—regardless of embalming practices (Egypt) or elaborate burial (royal tombs). Archaeology confirms this: excavated royal burials reveal remains that mocked earthly pretensions. The biblical emphasis on bodily decay (worms) underscores human mortality and the vanity of earthly glory. Only resurrection—not burial honor—conquers decay.

Reflection Questions

  1. How should the certainty of physical decay shape our attitude toward earthly wealth, status, and pleasure?
  2. What is the only hope beyond the worms—and how does this make resurrection central to Christian faith?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 10 words
הוּרַ֥ד1 of 10

is brought down

H3381

to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); cau

שְׁא֛וֹל2 of 10

to the grave

H7585

hades or the world of the dead (as if a subterranean retreat), including its accessories and inmates

גְאוֹנֶ֖ךָ3 of 10

Thy pomp

H1347

the same as h1346

הֶמְיַ֣ת4 of 10

and the noise

H1998

sound

נְבָלֶ֑יךָ5 of 10

of thy viols

H5035

a skin-bag for liquids (from collapsing when empty); also a lyre (as having a body of like form)

תַּחְתֶּ֙יךָ֙6 of 10
H8478

the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc

יֻצַּ֣ע7 of 10

is spread

H3331

to strew as a surface

רִמָּ֔ה8 of 10

the worm

H7415

a maggot (as rapidly bred), literally or figuratively

וּמְכַסֶּ֖יךָ9 of 10

cover

H4374

a covering, i.e., garment; specifically, a coverlet (for a bed), an awning (from the sun); also the omentum (as covering the intestines)

תּוֹלֵעָֽה׃10 of 10

under thee and the worms

H8438

a maggot (as voracious); specifically (often with ellipsis of h8144) the crimson-grub, but used only (in this connection) of the color from it, and cl


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 14:11 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 14:11 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study